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1、外文翻译原文：THEFUTUREOFWORKMOTIVATIONTHEORYThetopicofemployeemotivationplaysacentralroleinthefieldofmanage-ment—bothpracticallyandtheoretically.Managersseemotivationasanintegralpartoftheperformanceequationatalllevels,whileorganizationalresearchersseeitasafundamentalbuildingblockint
2、hedevelopmentofusefultheoriesofeffectivemana-gementpractice.Indeed,thetopicofmotivationpermeatesmanyofthesubfieldsthatcomposethestudyofmanagement,includingleadership,teams,performanceman-agement,managerialethics,decisionmaking,andorganizationalchange.Itisnotsur-prising,therefo
3、re,thatthistopichasreceivedsomuchattentionoverthepastseveraldecadesinbothresearchjournalsandmanagementperiodicals.Whereasseveralrecentarticleshaveexaminedhowfarwehavecomeinresea-rchingworkmotivation,thisspecialforumfocusesonwherewearegoing.1Thatis,weaskthequestions:Whatisthefu
4、tureofworkmotivationtheories?Whatarethecriticalquestionsthatmustbeaddressedifprogressinthefieldistobemade?Whatisthefutureresearchagenda?Howcanweextendormodifycurrentmodelsofworkmotivationsotheycontinuetoberelevantinthefuture?Andwhereareentirelynewmodelsofmotivationneededtofurt
5、herourunderstandingofemployeebehaviorandjobperformanceincontemporaryorganizations?Tounderstandwherethefieldisgoing,however,wemustfirstunderstandwhereithasbeen.Thisintroductionrepresentsanoverviewofthefieldofworkmotivationfromatheoreticalstandpointandlaysthefoundationforthearti
6、clesthatfollow.ThetermmotivationderivesfromtheLatinwordformovement(movere.)Buildingonthisconcept,Atkinsondefinesmotivationas“thecontemporary(imm-ediate)influenceondirection,vigor,andpersistenceofaction”(1964:2),whileVroomdefinesitas“aprocessgoverningchoicemadebypersons...among
7、alte-rnativeformsofvoluntaryactivity”(1964:6).CampbellandPritchardsuggestthatmotivationhastodowithasetofindependentdependentvariablerelationshipsthatexplainthedirection,amplitude,andpersistenceofanindividual’sbehavior,holdingconstanttheeffectsofaptitude,skill,andunderstandingo
8、fthetask,andtheconstraintsoperatingintheenvironmentTheseandot
