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1、TheNewYorkreviewofBooksVolume48,Number16…October18,2001ReviewTheVisitByCliffordGeertzASocietyWithoutFathersorHusbands:TheNaofChinabyCaiHua,translatedfromtheFrenchbyAstiHustvedtZoneBooks,505pp.,$33.00Loveandmarriage,loveandmarriageGotogetherlikeahorseandcarriageDadwastoldbymoth
2、erYoucan'thaveonewithouttheother,Noteverywhere.ó"LoveandMarriage,"SammyCahnandJimmyvanHeusenAmongtheNa,atribalpeoplehiddenawayintheYongninghillsofYunnanprovinceinsouthernChinaandthesubjectoftheFrench-trainedChineseanthropologistCaiHua'sprovocativenewmonograph,thereisnomarriage
3、,infactorword.Mothersexist,asdochildren,buttherearenodads.Sexualintercoursetakesplacebetweencasual,opportunisticlovers,whodevelopnobroader,moreenduringrelationstooneanother.Theman"visits,"usuallyfurtively,thewomanatherhomeinthemiddleofthenightasimpulseandopportunityappear,whic
4、htheydowithgreatregularity.Almosteveryoneofeithersexhasmultiplepartners,seriallyorsimultaneously;simultaneouslyusuallytwoorthree,seriallyasmanyasahundredortwo.Therearenonuclearfamilies,noin-laws,nostepchildren.Brothersandsisters,usuallyseveralofeach,residetogether,alongwithper
5、hapsahalf-dozenoftheirnearermaternalrelatives,frombirthtodeathunderoneroofómakingaliving,keepingahousehold,andraisingthesisters'children.1Theincesttabooisofsuchintensitythatnotonlymayonenotsleepwithoppositesexmembersofone'sownhousehold,onecannotevenalludetosexualmattersintheir
6、presence.Onemaynotcursewheretheycanhear,orsitwiththeminthesamerowatthemovies,lestanemotionalsceneappearonthescreen.Aspaternityissociallyunrecognized,andforthemostpartuncertain,fathersmayhappen,nowandagain,tosleepwithdaughters.Amanisfreetosleepwithhismother'sbrother'sdaughter,w
7、hoisnotconsideredanykindofrelative,notevena"cousin."Thereisnowordforbastard,noneforpromiscuity,noneforinfidelity;none,forthatmatter,forincest,sounthinkableisit.Jealousyisinfradig:"Youknow,Luzo[whoisnineteen]hasnothadalotof[lovers],buthehasmademanyvisits[hisfriendsaid].Thisisbe
8、causeheonlygoestothehomesofbeauties.Inparticular,hegoestovisi
