船舶专业英语(课文+翻译)

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1、Chapter1ShipDesign（船舶设计）Lesson2ShipsCategorized（船舶分类）2.1Introduction（介绍）Theformsashipcantakeareinnumerable.一艘船能采用的外形是不可胜数的Avesselmightappeartobeasleekseagoinghotelcarryingpassengersalongtosomeexoticdestination;afloatingfortressbristlingwithmissilelaunchers;。oranelongatedboxtransport

2、ingtanksofcrudeoilandtoppedwithcomplexpipeconnections.一艘船可以看做是将乘客一直运送到外国目的地的优美的远航宾馆。竖立有导弹发射架的水面堡垒及甲板上铺盖有复杂管系的加长罐装原油运输轮Noneofthesedescriptionsofexternalappearance,however,doesjusticetotheshipsystemasawholeandintegratedunit所有这些外部特点的描述都不能说明船舶系统是一个总的集合体—self-sufficient,seaworthy,andadeq

3、uatelystableinitsfunctionasasecurehabitatforcrewandcargo.——船员和货物的安全性功能：自给自足，适航，足够稳定。Thisistheconceptthatthenavalarchitectkeepsinmindwhendesigningtheshipandthatprovidesthebasisforsubsequentdiscussions,notonlyinthischapterbutthroughouttheentirebook.这是一个造船工程师设计船舶使必须记住的、能为以后讨论提供根据的观念，不仅

4、涉及本章也贯穿全书。Inordertodiscussnavalarchitecture,itishelpfultoplaceshipsincertaincategories.Forpurposesofthistext,shipsareclassifiedaccordingtotheirmeansofphysicalsupportandtheirdesignedpurposes.将船舶分成一些特定的种类来讨论造船工程是有好处的。本文的目的就是根据船舶物理支撑方式和设计目的来将它们分类。2.2ShipsTypedAccordingtoMeansofPhysical

5、Support（根据物理支撑方式来分类）Themodeofphysicalsupportbywhichvesselscanbecategorizedassumesthatthevesselisoperatingunderdesignedconditions-Shipsaredesignedtooperateabove,on,orbelowthesurfaceofthesea,sotheair-seainterfacewillbeusedasthereferencedatum.船舶按物理支撑的分类方式假设，船舶是在设计工况的条件下航行。船舶预定在海面上，海面中或

6、海面以下航行，因此使用空气与水的接触面作为基准面。Becausethenatureofthephysicalenvironmentisquitedifferentforthethreeregionsjustmentioned,thephysicalcharacteristicsofshipsdesignedtooperateinthoseregionscanbediverse.由于上面提到的三个区域中物理环境的本质相差很大，所以那些区域中的船的物理特性也不同。AerostaticSupport（空气静力支撑）Therearetwocategoriesofves

7、selsthataresupportedabovethesurfaceoftheseaonaself-inducedcushionofair.Theserelativelylightweightvehiclesarecapableofhighspeeds,sinceairresistanceisconsiderablylessthanwaterresistance,andtheabsenceofcontactwithsmallwavescombinedwithflexiblesealsreducestheeffectsofwaveimpactathighspe

8、ed.有两种靠自身诱导的气垫浮于海面上