习语翻译讲义

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1、Unit15ComparisonandTranslationofIdiomsCategoryofEnglishIdiomsSetphrases成语Proverbs谚语Sayings格言Colloquialisms俗语Allusions典故Slangs俚语Enigmaticfolksimiles歇后语Culturespecific:dependverymuchuponaspecificsocialorecologicalsetting.Findingsatisfactoryequivalentsforidiomsisoneofthemostdifficulta

2、spectsoftranslating.Inmanycasesidiomscanonlybesatisfactorilyrenderedbynon-idiomsinatargetlanguageNote:eastwind&westwindhaveabsolutedifferentconnotationsinChineseandEnglishcultureOdetotheWestWind–ShellyWhenthewindisintheeast,it’sgoodforneithermannorbeast.东风吹，寒风到，对人对畜都不好。（东风在英国象征寒冷，令

3、人不愉快）Whenthewindisinthewest,theweatherisatthebest.风从西边来，气候最宜人1.InfluenceofCustomonEnglishIdiomsØIdiomsconcerninghorseworklikeahorse辛辛苦苦地干活beatadeadhorse徒劳无益asstrongashorse非常强壮/强壮如牛betonthewronghorse支持错了对象comeoffone’shighhorse放下架子thatisahorseofanothercolor那完全是另外一码事Note:horseisoftent

4、reatedasacommonanimalinEnglishwithoutthecommendatorysenseinChinese:老马识途(anoldhorseknowstheway)，老骥伏枥(anoldherostillcherisheshighaspirations)ØIdiomsconcerningdogtopdog最重要的人物aluckydog幸运儿ajollydog快活的人raincatsanddogs下滂沱大雨Heisinthedoghouse他名声扫地leadadog’slife过着悲惨的生活Loveme,lovemydog爱屋及乌Eve

5、rydoghasitsday.凡人皆有得意时Letasleepingdoglie.别惹事生非Barkingdogsdonotbite会叫的狗不咬人Note:dogishighlyvaluedinEnglishculture.However,Influencedbyforeignculture,sometimesdogisoftenusedinderogatorysense.ØComparesomeChineseidioms狗腿子/走狗lackey狗崽子sonofbitch狗胆包天monstrousaudacity狗急跳墙Aconcernedbeastwill

6、dosthdesperate.狗咬耗子，多管闲事Pokeyournoseintootherpeople’saffairs.狗嘴吐不出象牙Afilthymouthcan’tutterdecentlanguage.Note:dogisoftenendowedwithderogatorysenseinChinese2.InfluenceofReligiononEnglishIdiomsChinese:做一天和尚撞一天钟6SonglongasIremainabonze,Igototollthebell.跑得了和尚跑不了庙Themonkmayrunaway,butth

7、etemplecan’trunwithhim.English:AspoorasthechurchmouseGoddamnyou/gotohellNote:castpearlsbeforeswineiscloselyrelatedwithreligion:“Givenotthatwhichisholyuntodogs,neithercastyepearlsbeforeswine,lesttheytramplepearlsundertheirfeet,andturnagainandrenderyou.”不要把圣物给狗，也不要把你们的珍珠丢在猪面前，恐怕它们践踏了

8、珍珠，转过来咬你们。1.Methodsadopted