中考英语宾语从句专题复习1

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宾语从句焦点一：宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态一般要受主句时态的影响。如：当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句可以根据具体情况用适当的时态；当主句是过去时，从句也用相应的过去时态如：一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等。当从句表示的是名言、客观真理或自然现象等时，从句一般不受主句的限制。如：Iwonderhowshecamebackyesterday.我想知道她昨天是如何回来的。Shesaidthattheywouldgoforapicnic.她说她们要去野餐。Andytoldhersonthatleavesturnyellowinautumn.安迪告诉她的儿子树叶在秋天会黄。焦点二：宾语从句的语序由if,whether,how,when,where等连接词引导的宾语从句用陈述句语序，即：连接词+主语+谓语动词。如：Whatdidhesay?Iwanttoknow.（连接为一句话）→Iwanttoknowwhathesaid.我想知道他说了什么。当what和who作句子的主语时，在变为宾语从句时，还用原来的语序。如：Whatiswrongwithhim?Nooneknows.→Nooneknowswhatiswrongwithhim.没有人知道他怎么啦。WhathashappenedtotheGreenfamily?Doyouknow?→DoyouknowwhathashappenedtotheGreenfamily?你知道格林家发生什么事了吗？Whohasfinishedthecomposition?Theteacherasks.→Theteacheraskswhohasfinishedthecomposition.老师问谁已经写完了作文。焦点三：宾语从句的连接词if与whether访谈：if和whether都可以引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。if多用于口语和非正式文体中，whether多用于比较正式的文体中，一般情况下，两者可以互换。但在下列情况下，只能用whether，而不能用if。A．在介词后。如：We’retalkingaboutwhethertheplanisgoodenough.我们正在讨论那个计划是否足够好。B．在动词不定式前。如：Hecan’tdecidewhethertogoforaholidayinthesouthornot.他不能决定是否在南方度假。C．直接与ornot连用。如：Noonecanexactlyknowwhetherornotitissunnytomorrow.没有人确切地知道明天是否是晴天。D．在discuss(v.)的后面。如：Didyoudiscusswhetheryou’llhaveahikenextweek?你们讨论下周去哪里郊游了吗？此外，whether可以引导主语从句和表语从句，而if不能。如：Thequestioniswhetherheisfitforthejob.问题是他能否胜任此项工作。if可以引导否定的宾语从句，而whether不能。如：Mrs.Smithaskedhersonifhehadn’ttoldherthetruth.史密斯夫人问她的儿子是不是没有告诉她事情的真相。焦点四：宾语从句中的否定前移访谈：当主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think,suppose,guess,believe,imagine 等词时，如果宾语从句要表达否定意思时，要把否定词not提到主句中。如：Shedoesn’tlikeswimming.Ithink.→Idon’tthinkshelikesswimming.我想她不喜欢游泳。Maryhasn’tbeentoJapan.Weguess.→Wedon’tguessMaryhasbeentoJapan.我们猜测玛丽没有去过日本。焦点五：宾语从句与不定式（短语）的转换1、当主句谓语动词hope,agree,wish,decide,choose,promise等后接that引导的宾语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，宾语从句可转换成不定式(短语)如：Fatherpromisedthathewouldbuyanewcomputerforme.→Fatherpromisedtobuyanewcomputerforme.2、当主句谓语动词know,tell,forget,remember,learn,explain,consider等后接疑问词(连接代词/副词)引导的宾语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，宾语从句可转换成“疑问词(连接代词/副词)+不定式(短语)”。如：Wedon’tknowwhatweshoulddonext.→Wedon’tknowwhattodonext.3、当主句谓语动词tell,ask,show,teach等后接双宾语，且直接宾语是疑问词(连接代词/副词)引导的宾语从句(从句主语与主句的间接宾语一致)时，宾语从句可转换成“疑问词(连接代词/副词)+不定式(短语)”。如：Sheaskedmewhichskirtsheshouldchose.→Sheaskedmewhichskirttochose.注意：以上三种情况中，宾语从句的谓语多表示将来意义。4、suppose,feel,think,believe,find等后的宾语从句可换成含有不定式短语的复合宾语。(1)宾语从句的主语转换成宾语，从句的谓语部分转换成宾语补足的不定式短语“tobe+形容词/名词”。如：Ifindthattheplanisunrealistic→Ifindtheplan(tobe)unrealistic.我觉得这个计划不合实际。(2)宾语从句“itis+形容词/名词+不定式短语”转换成“it(形式宾语)+形容词/名词(宾语补足语)+不定式短语(宾语)”的复合宾语。如：Wefinditisdifficulttopleaseher.→Wefinditdifficulttopleaseher.我们发现取悦她很不容易。[巩固练习]I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。1.Inthebookshop，areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_____WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if2.—Idon'tknow_____Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.—HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where3.—Weneverknow_____theoldmanis.—Theysayheisateacher.A．whatB．whoC．whichD．where4.Iwastold_____BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen5.—Doyouknow_____?I'mgoingtoseehim.—Sorry，Idon'tknow．A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.Lilive C.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lilived6.—Wheredoyouthink_____he_____thecomputer?—Sorry，Ihavenoidea．A.／；boughtB.has；boughtC.did；buyD.does；buy7.Idon'tfeelverywell．Mumaskedme_____thismorning.A.whatthematterisB.whatiswrongC.whatthematterwasD.whatwrongwas8.—WhereisJack？—Heisawaytospendhisholiday.He'sgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan,butI'mnotsure_____.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there9.Idon'tknow_________hewillcometomorrow．_________hecomes，I'lltellyou．A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;If10.Doyouknowwhere_________now?A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedD.didheliveII．按要求转换句型。1.DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina？Couldyoutellus?(改写句子)Couldyoutellus_________Mr.Brown_________livinginChina？2.“Doesthegirlneedanyhelp？”heaskedme.(变为复合句)Heaskedme_________thegirl_________somehelp.3.Jimisnotastudent．Tomisnotastudent，either.(合并为一个句子)_________Jim_________Tomisastudent.4.Whendoesthetrainleave？Iwanttoknow.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)Iwanttoknow_________thetrain_________.5.Theywenthomeaftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(用not．．．until改写)They_________gohome_________theyhadfinishedtheirhomework6.DidPetercomehereyesterday？LiLeiwantstoknow.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)LiLeiwantstoknow_________Peter_________hereyesterday.参考答案：I．1—5DAADC6—10ACCDAII．1.if／whether；enjoys2.if／whether；needed3.Neither；nor4.when；leaves5.didn't；until6.whether；came