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1、高中英语新课标人教版必修四第四单元语法课件语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendoneV-ing形式做状语1.做时间状语2.做原因状语3.做条件状语4.做让步状语5.表示方式或伴随情况6.做结果状语7.评论性状语可以表示时间,原因,结果,条件,行为方式或伴随动作等。1).Usingyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.Workinghard,you’llsurelysucceed.条件状语Ifyouuseyourhead
2、Ifyouworkhard2).Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.Notknowingheraddress,wecan’tgetintouchwithher.(原因)BecausehewaspoorAswedon’tknowheraddress3).Walkinginthestreet,Isawatailor’sshop.4).Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.时间WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet.结果andthisleftthefamily
3、evenworseoff5)Fourpeopleenteredtheroomlookingaroundinacuriousway.=Fourpeopleenteredtheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway.6)Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.伴随状语方式7.Workinghardatyourlessons,youaretosucceed.=Ifyouworkhardatyourlessons,youaretosucceed.8.Knowingallthis,Istillwantt
4、oseeitformyself.=AlthoughIknowallthis,Istillwanttoseeitformyself.评论性状语有些惯用的V-ing短语在句中中可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，它们往往作为句子的独立成分来修饰全句，表面说话者的态度观点等。我们称这种状语为评论性状语或评注性状语。generallyspeaking一般来说strictlyspeaking严格来说roughlyspeaking大致来说broadlyspeaking广义上来说narrowlyspeaking狭义上来说judgingfrom/by由...判断c
5、onsidering考虑到franklyspeaking坦率地说personallyspeaking就个人而言supposing如果现在分词作状语的几种形式一般形式：现在分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生用：doingHearingthesadnews,sheburstintotears.2.完成式：当分词的动作先于谓语动词的动作发生用分词的完成式：havingdoneHavingfinishedtheclass,shewenthome.3.进行被动式：beingdoneBeingcriticisedbytheteacher,theboyhun
6、ghishead.4.完成被动式：havingbeendoneHavingbeenpraisedforhisjob,Tomworkedharder.Nothavingreceivedthereply,hedecidedtowriteanotherone.注意：1.当v-ing形式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，应使用完成式：havingdoneHavingfinishedhishomework,herushedouttoplaybasketball.2.当v-ing形式与句子的主语之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系时，应使用被动式：beingdo
7、neBeinghelpedbytheteacher,shewilllearnEnglishwell.3.当v-ing形式被动式的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，被动式应使用完成式：havingbeendoneHavingbeenshownthelab,weweretakentoseethelibrary.Havingbeentranslatedintomanylanguages,thebookwaswidelyreadallovertheworld.4.独立主格结构：Springcomingon,thetreesturnedgreen.Hermo
8、therbeingill,shehadtolookafterherathome.Timepermitting,we’llvisittheGreatWa
