定语从句(关系代词)

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1、定语从句（1）一、1.什么是定语？Thisisaredapple.Heisahandsometallman.Thisisthefactorynearourschool.Thisisabasketfulloffruits.所以定语是___________________一般_______________在前____________在后.2.什么是从句？IsaidthatIwouldgotherethenextdayDoyouknowwherethebusstationis?那么从句必须有_____________

2、+__________3.这就是那个妇女_____________________.那个妇女昨天帮了我。________________________________.这就是昨天帮我的那个妇女。___________________________________________.1、定语从句的定义：在复合句中，修饰某一个名词或代词的陈述句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。▲结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句Themanwhoissittingthereisadoct

3、or.先行词关系词关系词作用：1、连接先行词和定语从句；2、意义与先行词一致，即代替先行词在从句中充当句子成分。▲限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。e.g.Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。e.g.Tom’sfather,whoisoversixt

4、y,stillworksharddayandnight.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）▲怎样判断是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句？答：非限制性定语从句的先行词和关系词中间有逗号。▲引导定语从句的关系词关系代词先行词从句成分例句who人主语宾语1.ThemanwhoImettodaytoldmetocomeback.2.Thereporterwhoistalkingtotheworkerisfamouswhom人宾语ThegirlwhomImetlookslikeLily.that人

5、；物主语1.SheisthepersonthatIwanttosee.宾语1.Theboythathasjustlefthereismybrother.which物主语宾语1.ThisisabookwhichwaswrittenbyHemingway.2.Thepenwhichyoulentmeislost.whose人；物定语Theroomwhosewindowisredismine.ThisisthescientistwhosenameisJohnNash.▲怎样判断用什么关系词？1.看先行词是人还是物；2

6、.看关系词（也就是先行词）在定语从句中做什么句子成分。▲特殊情况一、只用that的情况1.先行词为all,much,little,everything,anything,nothing,none,few,theone等不定代词时：ThisistheonethatIboughtyesterday.这是我昨天买的那个。2.先行词被形容词最高级或only,any,few,little,no,all,oneof等修饰时：Itisthemostimportantthingthatweshouldfinishsoon.3.

7、先行词为数词或被序数词（含last）修饰时：Lookattheflowers.Youcanseethetwothatyougaveme.4.先行词既有人又有物时：IwillneverforgetthepeopleandplacesIvisitedthissummer.5.先行词在主句中作表语或关系词在从句中作表语。Itisabookthatwillhelpyoualot.二、不用that的情况1.关系代词前有介词时Thisistheroominwhichhelived.2.非限制性定语从句中Hehasadaug

8、hter,whoworksinahospital.3.先行词本身是thatTheclockisthatwhichtellsthetime.将下列两个简单句合并成一个含有定语从句的复合句。Iwillneverforgettheday.Ispentthedaywithyourfamily.IliveinBeijing.BeijingisthecapitalofChina.Theboybou