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1、BasicPrinciplesofLandscapeDesignLandscapingcombineselementsofartandsciencetocreateafunctional,aestheticallypleasingextensionofindoorlivingtotheoutdoors.Oneinitialpurposeoflandscapedesignistoblendman'stechnology(houseorbuilding)intothenaturalsurroundings.Toworktowardadesirablelandscape
2、design,thelandscapehorticulturistmusthaveaworkingknowledgeofartelementsanddesignprinciples.ElementsofArtElementsofartincludebutarenotlimitedtocolor,line,form,textureandscale.Theseelementsareneverindependentofeachother,butwewilldiscusstheirindividualnaturesbeforeconsideringtheinteracti
3、ons.ColorColorvariationcanbestbeexplainedbyuseofacolorwheel.Primarycolorsarered,blueandyellow.Orange,greenandvioletarecalledsecondarycolorsbecausetheyarecombinationsoftwoprimarycolors.Forexample,yellowandredarecombinedtoyieldorange.Tertiarycolorsarethefusionofoneprimaryandonesecondary
4、color.Thesecolorswouldbebetweenprimaryandsecondarycolors.Tintreferstoalightvalueandisaccomplishedbyaddingwhitetothepurecoloronthecolorwheel,whileshadeisadarkvalueandiscreatedbyaddingblacktothepurecoloronthecolorwheel.Black,whiteandgreyareneutralsandarecompatiblewithanycolor.Lightcolor
5、sandtintstendtoattractattention,asdobright,vividcolors.Colorsarecombinedintocolorschemesforpracticalapplications.Threebasiccolorschemesaremonochromatic,analogousandcomplementary.Amonochromaticcolorschemeconsistsofdifferenttintsandshadesofonecolorandisseldomachievedinitspureforminthela
6、ndscape.Anexampleofanincompletemonochromaticcolorschemewouldincludewhiteandpinkflowerswithabackgroundofadarkpinkandredbrickhouse.Analogouscolorschemescombinecolors,whichareadjacentorside-by-sideonthecolorwheel.Ananalogouscolorschemecouldincludegreen,blue-green,green-blue,blueandviolet
7、blue.Thiscolorschemecouldbeachievedbyvaryingthefoliagecolorfromgreentoblue-greenorbyusingpyracanthawithorange-redberriesagainstaredbrickhouse.Complementarycolorschemescombinecolorsdirectlyacrossthecolorwheel.Forexample,redandgreenwouldbecomplementarycolors.A7complementarycolorschemema
8、ybeac