《嘉莉妹妹》嘉莉的性格分析

《《嘉莉妹妹》嘉莉的性格分析》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。

13《嘉莉妹妹》女主人公的性格分析摘要：《嘉莉妹妹》是美国著名的自然主义小说家西奥多·德莱塞的第一部长篇小说，讲述的天真，纯洁，美丽乡下少女嘉莉如何从社会底层登上百老汇红五星宝座的过程，细腻地展示了嘉莉的生存景观及心路历程。该作品以真切的现实主义为鲜明的特征，揭露了资本主义社会繁荣的表面底下的失业、贫困和饥饿，对美国贫富对立的社会作了深刻的描写。在美国文学史上,嘉莉妹妹一直是颇具争议的人物，本文主要对女主人公嘉莉的性格进行分析，研究嘉莉妹妹的性格特征。关键字：嘉莉妹妹，性格分析，写作意图一．引言二．作者的介绍西奥多·-13- 13德莱塞（MarkTwainl871～1945）美国小说家。1871年8月27日生于印第安纳州的特雷霍特镇。出生于破产小业主家庭。曾长期在社会底层劳动挣扎。父亲原是德国的纺织工人，于1846年逃避兵役到了美国，开过纺织工场。德莱塞12岁起充当呢绒绸缎店的店员和报童；17岁时去芝加哥谋生，曾在一家小饭馆里洗碟子，在铁器店做伙计。18岁时。由小时候的一个女教师资助，进入印第安纳大学肄业，有机会接触到达尔文、赫胥黎和斯宾塞的著作。一年后又回到芝加哥，充当房地产公司的推销员和洗衣店的送货员。从23岁开始。先后在芝加哥和圣路易斯的报纸任记者，在纽约《每月》杂志任主编。开始写作《嘉莉妹妹》，第二年完成并出版。《嘉莉妹妹》通过农村姑娘家莉到芝加哥谋生而成为名演员的故事，揭露了资本主义社会繁荣的表面底下的失业、贫困和饥饿，对美国贫富对立的社会作了深刻的描写。《嘉莉妹妹》用巴尔扎克式的现实主义写成为美国文学开创了一个新的天地。TheodoreDreiser(MarkTwainl871~1945)Americannovelist.August27,1871wasborninthetownofTerreHaute,Indiana.Borninthebankruptcyofsmallpropertyownersfamily.HadlongbeenstrugglingatthebottomofLabor.ThefatherwasatextileworkerinGermanytoavoidmilitaryservicein1846,theUnitedStates,openedatextilefactory.DreiseractasthewoolenChouDuandianstaffandnewsboyatage12;theageof17wenttoChicagotoearnalivinginasmallrestaurant,washingdishes,dothefolksinhardwareshops.Theageof18.Bythechildafemaleteachersupport,intotheIndianaUniversityGraduated,andhaveaccesstothewritingsofDarwin,HuxleyandSpencer.Oneyearlater,hereturnedtoChicago,toactasarealestatesalesmanandlaundrydeliveryman.Fromthe23-year-old.HasanyreporterinChicagoandSt.Louisnewspapers,theeditorinchiefatNewYork,"amonthlymagazine."SisterCarrie"begantowrite,thesecondwascompletedandpublished."SisterCarrie"throughruralGuNiangjiaandtoChicagotoearnalivingandbecomethestoryoftheactorexposedunderneaththesurfaceoftheprosperityofcapitalistsociety,unemployment,povertyandhunger,madeaprofounddescriptionofthesocietyofrichandpooroppositionintheUnitedStates."SisterCarrie"withtherealismofBalzacwascreatinganewworldofAmericanliterature.三．对《嘉莉妹妹》的故事情节的介绍《嘉莉妹妹》是19世纪美国著名小说家西奥多·德莱塞的第一部长篇小说，也是一部自然主义的杰出作品。嘉莉就是这本书的主人公，故事发生在19世纪末的美国，当时新兴工商业城市相继崛起，大批的乡村人口涌进城市。嘉莉，一个十八岁，聪明又单纯的少女，为了摆脱贫穷，压住对家人的不舍，带上仅有的四美元，怀着对未来生活的美好憧憬，坐上了去芝加哥的火车。然而残酷的现实打破了她的美梦，迎接她的是失业和疾病，在走投无路的时，她做了推销员的情妇。经杜洛埃介绍，她认识了酒店经理赫斯渥，他被嘉莉的纯朴美丽深深吸引，后来偷了酒店的钱，欺骗嘉莉私奔到纽约。在纽约，赫斯渥的经济每况愈下，嘉莉于是去当演员来挣钱糊口，由于偶然的机会，她成了走红一时的演员，挤上了上流社会，并抛弃了逐渐贫穷的赫斯渥，已不自觉的残忍将他推上了绝望之路，了断生命。虽然嘉莉成名之后，但是她并不幸福，还是感觉单孤独寂寞。对于她这个人物，对于她这个人物,大家褒贬不一。那么她到底是怎样的一个人,作者为什么要塑造这样一个人物呢?-13- 13"SisterCarrie"isthe19thcentury,thefamousAmericannovelistTheodoreDreiser'sfirstnovel,isalsoanaturalistofhisremarkableworks.Carrieistheheroofthisbook,thestorytakesplaceintheUnitedStatesinthelate19thcentury,whentheemergingindustrialandcommercialcityhavebeenrising,alargenumberofruralpopulationhaspouredintothecity.Carrie,aeighteenyearsold,smartandsimplegirl,inordertogetridofpoverty,pressandholdthefamily'sdismay,onlyfourU.S.dollarstobringafeelingofabettervisionofthefuturelife,ridingonatraintoChicago.However,theharshrealitytobreakherdreamtomeetherunemploymentanddisease,indesperation,shemadethemistressofthesalesman.ByDrouet,shemetahotelmanager,Hurstwood,hewasCarrie'ssimplebeautifulattractedto,andlatertostealthemoneyofthehotel,todeceiveCarrieelopedtoNewYork.InNewYork,Hurstwood'sdeterioratingeconomy,Carriethenwenttoanactortoearntheirlivingduetochance,shebecamepopulartemporaryactor,squeezedintothehighsociety,andabandonedthegradualpoorHurstwoodunconsciouslycruelontotheroadofdespair,abrokenlife.Carriefame,butsheisnothappyorfeelasingleloneliness.Forhercharacter,hercharacter,mixed.Herintheendwhatkindofaperson,whytheauthortocreatesuchacharacter?四．对嘉莉妹妹的性格分析从作品本身来看,嘉莉妹妹是一个天真单纯、勤奋、浪漫而现实、心地比较善良，有进取心但虚荣心较强的独立女性。Fromtheworkitself,SisterCarrieisaninnocent,simple,hard-working,romanticandrealistic,theheartisrelativelygood,aggressivebutvanityisastrongindependentwomen.第一,她的天真单纯主要表现如下。她很容易被异性的殷勤和甜言蜜语打动。当她在开往芝加哥的火车上邂逅德鲁埃下火车时提出给她拿包时,她说“你太好了。”并且“感到在异地他乡受到如此殷勤的照顾真是幸运”。而德鲁埃只不过是一个靠“对女人的强烈的欲望和爱慕支撑的胆量来讨女人欢心”的男子。她病了一场之后把工作丢了,到处找工作都没着落之时,她再次遇到德鲁埃,他先是邀请她吃东西,后来硬塞给她20美元让她去买衣服和鞋子,这时嘉莉的心情是复杂和矛盾的,她感到羞愧,毕竟不劳而获是可耻的,所以她开始拒绝;但当德鲁-13- 13埃坚持要给她时,她抵制不住金钱的诱惑,终于接受了,她太需要钱了,所以她在羞愧之余仍然十分高兴,于是她越发觉得德鲁埃这人“慷慨大方,值得称赞”,她根本不知道他是那种“把追求女人当作一种乐趣的男人。所以当姐姐姐夫看她找不到工作嫌她是个累赘想赶她回老家时,德鲁埃又提出让她住到他那里去,并且帮她找工作,这时嘉莉已经完全被他征服了,乖乖地成了他的情妇。她幻想着德鲁埃能够娶她,可是德鲁埃并不是一个对感情专一的人,他到处拈花惹草,甚至还和他的女仆调情,每当嘉莉提到结婚的话题时,他总说等他生意好一点再说。嘉莉对他似乎不抱幻想了。但她被第二个男人骗得更惨,这第二个男人便是德鲁埃的朋友赫斯特伍德。嘉莉同样被他的外表和谈吐打动了,在德鲁埃出差时频频和他约会,她全然不知赫斯特伍德已是有妇之夫。当德鲁埃告诉她赫斯特伍德的情况之后,她才知道自己上当受骗,悔恨不已。但嘉莉的单纯还在后头。当嘉莉得知赫斯特伍德已有家室时,决定不再和他交往,可是老谋深算的赫斯特伍德有一天突然来到她的住处告诉嘉莉德鲁埃生病住院了,嘉莉丝毫不怀疑地跟着他走,谁知道又是被他骗了,骗到了开往另一个地方的火车上驶向另一个陌生的城市,这样她只好跟了他,在他化名后,成了他的妻子。嘉莉的天真、单纯使她两度成为男人的猎物First,hernaiveteandsimplicitySheiseasytomovebyheterosexualcomplaisanceandsweetwords.sheencounteredDrouetonthetrainforChicagoandaftergettingoffthetrain,DrouetaskedfortakingthepackageforCarrie,shesaid,"verykindofyou."andfeltthatitisreallyluckytogetthesuchcomplaisantcareinstrangeland.ButCarriedidn'tknowDrouetwasapersonwhoonlyreliesonthestrongdesireandadorationforwomenandmadewomenhappy.Carriewasoutofworkafteranillnessandcouldn'tfindajobinashorttime,shemetDrouetagainandheinvitedCarrietodinnerandthenforceduponhertwentydollarstoletherbuyclothesandshoes.ThenCarrie'smoodiscomplexandcontradictory,andshefeltashamedandrefusedhim,butsheacceptedatlastunderthelureofmoney.OnceagainCarriethoughDrouetwasagenerousandverygoodperson,butshedidn'tknowhewasonlyamanwhotookthepursuitofwomenforfun.WhenCarriehadnochoiceandhadtogohome,DrouetgaveahandtoCarrie,soCarriewasmovedandbecamehismistressatlast.Later,becauseofhersimplicity,Carriewasdeceivedevenworsebythesecondman,hurstwood.Shewas-13- 13alsoattractedbytheappearanceandconversationofhimandhewasinfatuatedwithherpretty,sotheyfrequentlymadeappointment,butshewascompletelyunawareofHurstwoodwasamarriedman.WhenDrouettoldherthatHurstwoodhadafamily,sheknewthatshewasdeceivedandshefeltmuchregretted.WhenCarriewasinformedthattheHurstwoodhasbeenmarriedanddecidednottocontactswithhim,butoneday,HurstwoodsuddenlycametoherresidenceandtellCarriethatDrouetwassickinthehospital,shefollowshimwithnodoubtthenshewascheatedtostrangecity-NewYorkbyHurstwood.Becauseofhernaiveteandsimplicity,Carriemakesherselftobecomethepreyofthementwice.Actuallygetsomethingfornothingisshameful,soshebegantorefuse;butwhenDrewAyesticktogiveher,shenotresistthetemptationofmoney,andfinallyaccessBy,andsheneededthemoney,soshestillshameIPleased,shemoreandmorethinkandDeLuaithis"generosity,thevaluePraise,"shedidnotknowhewasthatthepursuitofawomanwhenForafunman.Sowhenthesister,brother-in-lawtoseeherNotfindajobtoosheisaburdentowanttocatchherbackhome,DrewAyeisalsoproposedtoallowhertoliveinhim,andtohelpherfindajob,whichWhenCarriewasconquered,wantstobecomehisloveWoman.HerfantasyDeLuaibeabletomarryher,butnotDeLuaiAspecificfeelings,hefullofloveaffairs,andevenAndhisflirtingwiththemaidwheneverCarriementionedthetopicofmarriage,heAlwayssaywaithisbusinessalittlebettertosay.CarriedoesnotseemtoholdthemagicforhimThinkof.Shewasthesecondmandeceiveevenworse,thissecondmaleIsDeluAi'sfriendHirstWood.CarriealsoAppearanceandconversationtouched,andhisDeLuaitravelfrequentlyAppointment,shewascompletelyunawareoftheHirstWoodisamarriedman.WhentheTheDeluAitoldherthecaseofHirstWood,sheknewOwndeceivedremorse.ButCarrie'ssimplestillHead.WhenCarriewasinformedthattheHirstWoodhasbeenmarriedanddecidednottoAndhiscontacts,butthewilyHurstWood,onedaySuddenlycametoherresidencetell嘉莉德鲁埃sickinthehospital,JiaLisinodoubtfollowhim,whoknowswhatistobeheliedFoolonthetrainboundforanotherplacetosailanotherStrangecity,soshehadwithhim,afterhispseudonym,-13- 13asHiswife.Carrienaive,simpletomakehertwicetobecomethepreyofaman's。第二,她的勤奋，有进取心。嘉莉的勤奋主要表现在她的工作上。初到芝加哥的第二天,她就出去找工作,奔走了一整天,最后找到了一家周薪四块五的鞋厂,虽然待遇低、工时长,工作环境恶劣,但她忍受着,后来因为她穿着单薄,禁不起寒冷的袭击病倒了,这份可怜的工作丢掉了。她成为德鲁埃的情妇后,德鲁埃所属的共济会正在演出一部募捐戏———《煤气灯下》,正好缺女主角,德鲁埃便让嘉莉去试试,她天天在家里练习,后来终于把这个角色成功地表演了出来。这个经历为她后来在百老汇的成功打下了基础。被赫斯特伍德骗到纽约后,嘉莉先是家庭主妇,但当赫斯特伍德失业后,生活日趋窘困,嘉莉不得不自己出去找事做,后来在一家合唱团当一名不起眼的合唱演员。但她从未放弃希望和努力,后来终于越来越走红,过上了富裕的生活。她的成功是和她的勤奋分不不开的。·Second.HerdiligenceandgumptionCarrie’sdiligencesfindexpressioninherwork.WhenshefirstarrivedinChicagoandthenextday,shewentouttofindajob.Forrunningallday,shefinallyfoundajobthatweeklypaysfourpointfivedollarsinashoesfactory.Thoughitwaslowpay,longworkinghours,poorworkingconditions,sheenduredthat.Laterbecauseshewaswearingthin,shegotcoldandlostherjob.AftershebecamethemistressofDrouet,CarrietriedtoinimprovingherselfintasteandshefoundherselfwasmoretastedthanDrouet.Andatthattime,theMasonicwhichDrouetbelongedtowasperformingafund-raisingPlay---"UndertheGaslight,justmissingtheheroine.DrouetaskedCarrietohaveatry,soCarrierepliedtotry.Carriepracticedpainstakinglyathomeeverydayandthoughthatisagoodchoicetogetridofprivation.Sosheknewthatifshewantedtosuccess,shehadtohardworkingandthenCarriefinallyperformedthisrolesuccessfully.ThisexperiencelaidasolidfoundationforhertosuccessintheBroadwaylater.HurstwoodluredCarrietoNewYorkandtheylivedtogether.Carriefirstwasahousewife,butwhenHurstwood,wasunemploymentandstayedathome.Theenvironmentwasgettingincreasinglyembarrassment;Carriehadtogoouttolookforajobtodo,theninachoirasahumblechorusactor.Butshedidnotgiveuphopeandmadeaneffort,sheeventuallybecamemoreandmorepopular,livedaprosperouslife.Withoutherhardwork,Carriecouldgetsuccessatlast.Hergumptionexpressedinimprovingherself.InChicago,Carrielearnedtheconversationsandmannersofthepeopleinselectsociety.-13- 13第三,浪漫而现实。她的浪漫体现在她对生活和情感的幻想中,她幻想自己终究会“得到回报,她的辛勤劳动不会白费。”在找到那份周薪四块五的工作后,她幻想“她会比以前过得更快活———幸福的生活在等着她。”但她的幻想很快就破灭了,在这个竞争激烈的大都市里,毫无工作经验的她找工作相当困难;那份周薪四块五的工作环境恶劣得她几乎难以忍受,而且她还要付给姐姐、姐夫伙食费,剩下的钱还不够她坐车。而且病了三天之后,这样的一份工作也丢了。她的浪漫还体现在她对情感的幻想中,她先是幻想德鲁埃会和她结婚,后来则幻想和赫斯特伍德会有一个理想的结合,可是前者并不真的想娶她,而后者也只是把她当作躲避蛮横无理而又粗野的妻子的避风港,她的情感的幻想相继破灭,所以在她得到名利之后,她仍然不幸福。名利并非一切,先后两次遭到情感的打击使她对生活和爱情不再抱幻想,所以她迷惘,在成功之后她并不快乐,因为她的生活是有缺憾的,这种缺憾就是情感的失败。所以她变得逐渐现实起来。在赫斯特伍德失业之后,她毅然离开了她,独自去闯荡世界,终于在社会中找到了适合自己的角色。她浪漫是因为她不懂得社会竞争的残酷、不了解人心的险恶;她现实是因为生活的磨练教会了她不再轻易相信男人,只有凭自己的努力才能过自己想要的生活。Third,theromanticandrealistic.HerromanticreflectedinheroppositeThefantasyoflivingandemotional,IimaginethatIwilleventuallygetbackReportedthatherhardworkwillnotbewasted."TofindthatweeksSalaryintheworkoffouroffive,herfantasy,"shefliesfasterthanbeforeLiving---liveahappylifewaitingforher."ButherfantasySoonshattered,andinthiscompetitivemetropolis,thereisnoworkVerydifficultexperiencetofindajob;shareofweeklyearningsforfourfivePoorworkingconditionsshewasalmostunbearable,butshewouldalsoliketopaySister,brother-in-lawforfood,therestofpayingthemoneyisnotenoughthathercar.AndAndwassickforthreedays,suchajobwaslost.HerTheromanceisalsoreflectedinheremotionalfantasies,herfirstfantasyGermanyLuaitomarryher,andlaterfantasyandHirstWoodwillbeAnidealcombination,buttheformerdoesnotreallywanttomarryher,and-13- 13thenOnlyherasawifetoavoidtheoutrageousandunrulyAsafehavenforheremotionalillusionshavebeenshattered,soshehadtoAfterthatfame,fortune,shestillisnothappy.Fameisnoteverything,hasTwicebeenhitbytheemotionssothatshenolongerholdthemagicoflifeandloveWantto,sosheconfusedAfterthatsuccess,sheisnothappy,becausesheOflifethereisashortcoming,thisshortcomingisthefailureofemotion.Soshegraduallybecomerealitytogether.HirstWoodunemploymentLater,shedecidedtoleaveheralonetogointotheworld,andfinallyinthecommunityWillfindsuitablefortheirroles.HerromanceisbecauseshedoesnotUnderstandthatsocialcompetitionisbrutal,sinisterdonotunderstandthepeople'shearts;herrealityBecauselifehonechurchshenolongereasilybelievethataman,Onlybytheirowneffortstolivethelifeyouwant.第四,她的虚荣心。嘉莉是一个虚荣心很强的女人,这种虚荣心导致了她成为男人的牺牲品,同时也促使她日后走向成功。她总是向往衣服和首饰,当她去百货公司找工作时,她被每件商品吸引着“,无论是廉价的小饰物,还是贵重的首饰,件件都吸引着她??这些饰物哪一件她不想现在就戴在身上———而哪一件她不渴望拥有呢?那精致的拖鞋和长统袜,镶着美丽饰边的裙子和衬裙,各色各样的花边、缎带、发梳和花包,这一切要是都能拥有,该多好啊。”“她内心充满了对穿戴和美貌的渴望。”后来她和赫斯特伍德在纽约住下来之后,有一次隔壁的万斯太太邀她去看戏,她的虚荣心在和万斯太太的攀比下表现的淋漓尽致“,嘉莉自己打扮得也够漂亮了,可是跟万斯太太一比,不由得自惭形秽起来。万斯太太怎么会有这么多可爱的小玩意儿???”和万斯太太一起走在人流中,嘉莉更加不自在,“满大街都充斥着一股富足和炫耀之气,而嘉莉觉得自己与之格格不入。她无论如何也不会有万斯太太的仪态和风度,这一事实令她难以接受,使她痛苦万分。最后她发誓,不打扮得漂亮点儿就决不再到这儿来。同时她又渴望能和别人穿得一样华丽,到这儿出风头。那将是多么快乐的事啊!”)嘉莉的虚荣心就这样表现在她对商品的渴望和同别人的攀比中,同时还表现在她对名利的追求中,但也正是这种虚荣心使得她不满足于自己的现状,使她走出自己生活的圈子,最终获得了成功,得到了她-13- 13梦寐以求的名利。Fourth,hervanity.CarrieisaWomanwithstrongvanityanddesireformaterialandjustbecauseofthisvanityandmaterialdesireledhertobecomeavictimofthetwomen-DrouetandHurstwood,alsocontributedtohersuccessinthefuture.ShewasalwaysyearningforclothesandJewelry,sowhenshewenttothedepartmentstoretolookforajob,Carriewasattractedbyeachitem,whetheritischeaptrinkets,orexpensivejewelry,eachpieceisattractedtoher.Shewantedtowearallthejewelryonherbodyanddesiretohavethemall.Thatdelicateslippersandstockings,trimmedwithbeautifultrimskirtsandpetticoats,alleverycolorofthelace,ribbons,combs,andflowerpackage,whatawonderfulthingifshecanhavethemall.Herheartisfilledwiththedesireofwearandbeauty.LatershelivedinNewYorkwithHurstwoodinsometimeandoncethenextdoorneighbor,Mrs.Vanceinvitedhertothetheater,hervanityrevealfullybythecomparisonswithMrs.Vance.Carriethoughthimselfwasprettyenough,butwhencomparedtoMrs.Vance,itisnotprettyatall.HowcouldMrs.Vancehavesomanycutelittlethings?CarriefeltmoreuncomfortablewhenwentonthestreetwithMrs.Vance,becauseitisfilledwithstrongrichandflauntedatmosphereinthestreet,shethoughherselfcouldn’tincompatibleinthisatmosphere.ThefactthatshenevercouldhavethebrightappearanceanddeportmentofMrs.Vancemadeherfeltverypain..Latershevowedthatifshecan’tdressmoregorgeous,shewouldnevercomehereagain.Atthesametime,shewaseagertodressgorgeouslytoshowoffherinhere.Carrie’svanitymanifestedinherdesireforgoodsandthecomparisonswithothers,anddisplayinherpursuitoffameandfortune,too,butalsobecauseofthisvanitymakeshernotsatisfiedwiththestatusquo,sothatshewentoutofthecircleofherownlivesand,ultimately,shemetwithsuccessandgotthefameandgainwhichshewishfor.·Upandgointheflow,Carrieismoreuncomfortable,"filledwithfloodedAnaffluentandshowofftheair,butCarriefeltwithgridThegridNothing.InanycasetherewillnotbethedeportmentofMrs.Vance'sandDemeanor,thefactthatmakeitdifficulttoaccept,tomakehergreatpain.MostAftershevowednottodressupalittleandwouldnevercomehereagain.Thesametime,shewaseagerandlookinglikesomeoneelsegorgeoushereoutLimelight.Itwouldbesohappy!"CarrieVanitysomanifestedinherdesireforgoodsand-13- 13othersComparisonsinperformanceinherpursuitoffameandfortune,butalsoThisvanitymakeshernotsatisfiedwiththestatusquo,sothatsheOutofthecircleoftheirownlivesand,ultimately,success,andgotherDreamoffameandfortune.Fifth,herindependence.Carrie'sindependenceisnotspontaneous第五,她的独立性。嘉莉的独立性不是自发的,而是被逼出来的。她来到芝加哥后住在姐姐姐夫家,一个人到处求职,找到工作之后她必须付伙食费,失业之后她便不受他们欢迎了,他们“建议”她回乡下去,这时碰到德鲁埃无疑是她在危难之时遇到了救命稻草,这就使她离开了亲人独自去沉浮。和德鲁埃分手后,她不得不再次找工作。被赫斯特伍德骗到纽约后,嘉莉受不了贫困的生活,赫斯特伍德找不到工作,生活成问题,这时她又一次出去找工作了,试了好几家,终于从合唱团起步成了百老汇的主打明星。Fifth:herindependence.Carrie'sindependenceisnotspontaneous，butisforcedout.ShecametoChicagotostaywithhersisterandbrother-in-law’shomeandhadtolookforajobbyherself,andthenwhenshegotajob,shemustpayforthefeesofmealstohersister.Aftershewasunemployment,shewasnotwelcomed,theyproposedhertoreturnhome,atthatCarrieencounteredDrouetwhenshewasindistress,andshetookhimasthelaststraw,whichmakeshertoleavetheirlovedonesalonegotoupsanddowns.AndafterbreakingupwithDrouet,shehadtofindajobagain.LatershewasluredtoNewYorkbyHurstwood,Carriecannotstandpoorlive,andHurstwoodcannotfindjobs,theirlifehadaproblem,soshewentoutagaintolookingforwork,andtriedseveral,andfinallyfromthestarttothemainstaroftheBroadway.五，对作者写作意图的分析从以上分析中我们知道了嘉莉是一个天真单纯、勤奋、浪漫而现实、心地比较善良但虚荣心较强的独立女性。那么作者塑造这样一个人物的意图是什么呢?笔者认为主要有两点。第一,是为了突出自然主义的特点。作为使自然主义文学成熟起来的《嘉莉妹妹》,作者在这部作品中塑造这个人物的一个目的就是体现-13- 13自然主义的特点。从嘉莉身上体现出来的自然主义特点就是和赫斯特伍德形成鲜明对照,一个是凭着自己的几分天资在竞争激烈的社会中取得了成功,而另一个则因为自己不再年轻能干而被社会淘汰最终走上自杀的末路。这就是自然主义的写照。第二,是为了反映社会现实。“德莱塞在创作《嘉莉妹妹》时正值达尔文进化论和适者生存理论盛行,以生产为主的意识形态正逐渐被消费意识形态代替的时代。消费意识形态‘强调花费和物质占有,它削弱了勤俭、节约、自控等传统道德标准’”。“德莱塞写《嘉莉妹妹》时,美国妇女已开始受到消费主义影响。她们已开始向传统道德标准挑战:她们不再相信‘妇女的责任是生养孩子’,‘妇女生来就是做母亲的好料子’等信条。相反,她们认为应该把自己打扮得漂漂亮亮、富有性感,痛痛快快地享受性生活。Analysis,oftheintentionofwritingFromtheaboveanalysis,weknowthatCarrieisaninnocentsinglePure,hard-working,romanticandrealistic,carefullycomparegoodbutvanitycomparedwithThestrongindependentwomen.OfshapethemeaningofsuchacharacterWhatisthediagram?IbelievethattherearetwomainFirst,inordertohighlightthecharacteristicsofnaturalistic.AstomakeNaturalisticliterarymature"SisterCarrie"PurposeistoshapethecharacterreflectedinthisworkNaturalisticfeatures.CarriereflectedthenaturalownersSemanticFeaturesandHirstWoodInsharpcontrast,aWithafractionofthetalentinahighlycompetitivesociety.Success,whiletheotherbecausehewasnolongeryoungandcapablecommunityWillbeeliminatedeventuallycommitsuicidedeadend.ThisisthenaturalisticPortrayal.Second,inordertoreflectthesocialreality."Dreiserinthecreation"SisterCarrie"atimewhenDarwin'stheoryofevolutionandsurvivalofthefittesttheoryTheprevalenceofproduction-basedideologyisgraduallyconsumerawarenessFormreplacedera.Consumptionideology'emphasisoncostandthingsThequalityofpossession,itweakenedthetraditionalthrift,savings,automationethicalstandardsQuasi-'","Dreiserwrote"SisterCarrie",AmericanwomenhavebeguntoAffectedbyconsumerism.TheyhavebeguntotraditionalmoralstandardsChallenge:theynolongerbelievein'theresponsibilityofwomentohavechildren','Womenborntomothersgoodmaterial'andothercreeds.Onthecontrary,Theythinkhimselfbeautifully,fullofsexy,-13- 13Verymuchlovetoenjoysex.六，总结1.AnintroductionofTheodoreDreiser二、生活中坚强的女性而嘉莉呢,敢于面对生活中的困难,并且以一种乐观的态度去面对。这一点在小说中主要表现在嘉莉到达芝加哥后,为了适应大城市的生活,对自己的塑造上。她不是简单地抛弃了她母亲那一代人的生活方式,而是努力去适应现代美国人新的生活方式。首先是最初的自我塑造阶段,当嘉莉和姐姐一家一起生活时就开始了对自己的自我塑造。她把自己和姐姐区分开,她姐姐敏妮是一个传统的女性,每天忙于家务似乎都失去了自我,而她的相夫教子的生活正是嘉莉想抛弃的,因此嘉莉要选择一种新的生活方式。嘉莉挣钱就是想为自己买漂亮的衣服,想去娱乐。她知道自己想要怎样的生活。嘉莉住进了杜洛埃为她租的公寓后开始了对理想中自己的塑造。除了从外貌上改变自己,同时嘉莉也注意在行为举止上做到更优雅,更有气质。这样一来,她变成了颇有风韵的姑娘。同时,她走起路来脚步不是那么重了,她美丽,优雅。万斯太太把她的表兄阿姆斯介绍给了嘉莉,他从思想上极大程度的影响了嘉莉,使她的追求从最初单纯的物质欲望扩展到了精神世界,上升到了对美的艺术追求。这表明了她已经认识到了只是追求物质上的舒适是远远不够的,精神上的满足才是最重要的。Carriedarestofacethedifficultiesoflife,andtakesanoptimisticattitudetofacethedifficulties.WhenarrivedinChicago,inordertoadapttolivinginbigcities,andrightonherownshape.Shewasnotsimplyabandoningthelifestyleofhermother'sgeneration,butmadeeffortstoadapttothenewwayoflifeofmodernAmericans.Thefirstistheinitialstageofself-fashioning,whenCarrielivedwithhersisterMinnie,shebegantofocusonself-fashioning.SheseparatedfromhersisterMinnietoherself,becausehersisterisatraditionalwoman,whoisbusywithhouseholdchoreseverydayandseemstohavelostherself,andhermother’slifethoughtiswhatCarriewantedtoabandoned,soCarriewouldliketochooseanewwayoflife.Carriemademoneyistobuybeautifulclothesforherandwantedtogotoentertainment.Sheknowswhatakindoflifeshewants.WhenlivingintotheapartmentwithDrouet,Carriestartedtoshapeherintheideal.ApartfromChanginginherappearance,Carrieputsanattentiononthe-13- 13behaviortobemoreelegant,moretemperament.Asaresult,shebecamequitethecharmofthegirl.Atthesametime,shewalkedingracefulfootsteps,notsoheavy,shewasbeautifulandelegant.LaterMrs.VanceintroducedhercousinArmstrongtoCarrie,histhoughtinfluencesCarrieintheideologicallytoagreatdegree,whichmadeherpursuitfromtheinitialsimplematerialdesirestothespiritualworld,uptothepursuitofart.ThatmadeCarriebegantorealizejustthepursuitofmaterialcomfortisnotenough;thepursuitofspiritisthemostimportanttoher.通过努力,嘉莉由一个无知的乡村少女变成一个成功的女演员,在这个过程中也塑造了她的新女性形象。嘉莉不再把命运委托与任何一个男人,拥有了独立的职业,随着经济上的独立,也随后实现了人格上的独立。经历了找工作的艰辛后,嘉莉成熟起来也勇敢起来了。表演的天赋加上她的努力使她取得了成功,在这个过程中嘉莉的女性意识也被唤醒了-13-