实用英语写作讲义new

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1、第1部分总体介绍三、写作原则要求内容切题，文理通顺，表达正确，语义连贯，无重大语言错误。1语言：表达通顺、无重大语言错误基础一般：简单原则、安全第一基础较好：句子结构及用词多变2结构：(1)逻辑性：并列：and/or/but因果：because/inthat,since/as,for转折：but/however(2)关联词：3内容：注意中英思维差异（中式思维：情感分段、读者领会、迂回模式、归纳式思维;英式思维：逻辑分段、作者交代、直线模式、演绎式思维）(1)英语重结构、汉语重语意：好好学习，天天向上：Workhardandmakeprogresseveryday.你不知道谁知道：Ify

2、oudon’tknow,whoknows!(2)英语多长句、汉语多短句：Nowtheearthwasformlessandempty,darknesswasoverthesurfaceofthedeep,andtheSpiritofGodwashoveringoverthewaters.(Bible)地是空虚混沌，渊面黑暗；神的灵运行在水面上。(3)英语多从句、汉语多分句：Hecouldnotseethegreenoftheshorenowbutonlythetopsofthebluehillsthatshowedwhiteasthoughtheyweresnow-cappedandt

3、hecloudsthatlookedlikehighsnowmountainsabovethem.(ErnestHemingway:TheOldManandtheSea)他眼下已看不见海岸的那一道绿色了，只看得见那些青山的仿佛积着白雪的山峰，以及山峰上空像是高耸的雪山般的云块。（吴劳译）(4)英语多代词、汉语多名词：ErichSegal:LoveStoryJenny:“Oh,‘whatafallingoffwasthere’.Whosaidthat?”Oliver:“Idon’tknow”,Ireplied,“Shakespeare?”Jenny:“Yes,butwhosaidit?”

4、Shesaidanxiously.“Ican’tevenrememberwhichplayitwasin.”(5)英语多被动、汉语多主动：1）常见句型：（1）Itissaidthat据说（2）Itisbelievedthat人们认为（3）Itisreportedthat据报道（4）Itisestimatedthat据估计49（1）Itmustbepointedoutthat必须指出（2）Itmustbeadmittedthat必须承认（3）Ithasbeenfoundthat实践证明（4）Itissuggestedthat有人建议（5）Itisagreedthat人们认为（6）Itis

5、imaginedthat人们认为（7）Itcannotbedeniedthat不可否认（8）Itwillbeseenfromthisthat由此可知（9）Itshouldberealizedthat必须认识到（10）Itisalwaysstressedthat人们总是强调（11）Itisgenerallyconsideredthat人们普遍认为（12）Itmaybesaidwithoutfearofexaggerationthat可以毫不夸张的说(6)英语多变化、汉语多重复：“Man’sYouth”（ThomasWolfe）：Man’syouthisawonderfulthing:it

6、issofullofanguishandofmagicandhenevercomestoknowitasitis,untilithasgonefromhimforever.《青春啊青春》：青春是如此的奇妙，充满着苦痛，也充满着神奇。翩翩少年永远不知青春为何物，直到年华已逝，才如梦初醒。(7)英语多抽象、汉语多具体：2）lackofperseverance三天打鱼、两天晒网3）awaitwithgreatanxiety望穿秋水4）withgreateagerness如饥似渴5）Untilsuchtimeasmankindhasthesensetoloweritspopulationtot

7、hepointwheretheplanetcanprovideacomfortablesupportforall,peoplewillhavetoacceptmore“unnaturalfood.”(8)英语多引申、汉语多推理：6）Youknowawordbythecompanyitkeeps.知人看伴，知词看文7）Wordsdonothavemeaning,butpeoplehavemeaningforthem.词本无义，义随心生8）TheT