无菌术课件ppt课件

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1、AsepsisAsepsisHistorySignificanceandDefinitionAsepsisofSurgicalinstrumentandDressingPreparationforDr.andPt.KeyPointsHistoryandSignificanceHippocrates(460-377BC)SeparatedmedicinefromphilosophyIrrigatedwoundswithwineorboiledwaterForeshadowingofAsepsisHis

2、tory:Pasteur(1862)DiscoveredbacteriumDevelopedPasteurizationprocessHistory:190619331947SteamSterilizationHistory:SteamSterilization(1974)EarlytypeofhotairsterilizerMicrowaveOven(1947)AdvancedSterilizerLowtemperaturesystemforendoscopicdevices(1989)Plasm

3、asterilizingsystem(1993)BasicprincipleofSurgeryBasicprincipleofMedicineSignificance:DefinitionSterilefreeofalllivingmicroorganismsSterilization（灭菌）aprocesscapableofdestroyingallformsofmicrobiallifeoninanimatesurfacesAsepsis（无菌）absenceofmicroorganismsth

4、atcausedisease;freedomofinfectionDisinfection（消毒）aprocesscapableofdestroyingpathogenicmicroorganismsbut,asordinarilyused,notbacterialsporesAutoclavingDryheatMicrowaveInfraredraysBoilingBurningGasSterilizationEthyleneoxideFormaldehydeSoakinginAntiseptic

5、sSterilizationandDisinfectionHighpressure15-20lbf/in2Hightemperature121-126℃TimedependonT&P30minthemostcompletelyreliablesterilizationAutoclaving(SteamunderPressure)Storagetime2WeeksAttention40cm30cm30cmArrangement3MIndicateTapeFlammableStuffLiquid-

6、--degasAutoclavingAvoidbeingspoiledbymoistheatTemperature=160℃Time=1hours(4hoursforgrease)----exposuretocontinuousdryheatDryHeatOnlyifautoclaving,dryheat,gassterilizationisNOTavailable(formetal,glassorrubberstuff)Minimumperiodis20minPeriodcanbedecrease

7、dto10minsafelyinadditionofalkaliNoteffectiveagainstsporeunlessperiod>1hourDripincompletelyTimeCalculationBoilingFormetalinstrumentOnlyinspecialsituation95%EthanolCausingdamagetothemetalinstrumentBurning2%Glutaraldehyde30min10%Formaldehyde20-30min70%Eth

8、anol30min1：1000BromoGeramine30min1：1000Chlorhexidinium30minFordelicateinstrument,endoscopeorlaparoscopeSoakCleaninginAntisepticsAttention：CleanBeforeSoakingDripinCompletelyOpenAxesWashbySalinebeforeusingSoakCleaningExcellentsterilizatio