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1、OntheInfulenceofHistoricalDevelopmentandGeographyEnvironmentontheFormationofEnglishIdiomsAbstractEnglishisalanguageparticularlyrichinidioms.Lotsofculturalinformationisembodiedinidioms.Insomesenses,idiomsarethereflectionoftheenvironment,life,historicalculture,etc
2、.Theyarecommonlyusedinalltypesoflanguage,informalandformal,spokenandwritten.Inbrief,idiomsarefixedphrases.Theygothroughthetestofhistoryandcannotbeseparated.Theyareanimportantpartofthegeneralvocabularyofeverylanguage.KeywordsTheoringinsoftheidioms,comparisonbetwe
3、enEnglishidiomsandChineseidioms,andthetranslationofEnglishidioms.Ⅰ.ThedefinitionandfeaturesofEnglishidioms1.Definitionwhatareidioms?“Idiomsconsistofsetphrasesandshortsentences”and“idiomsareexpressionsthatarenotreadilyunderstandablefromtheirliteralmeaningsofindiv
4、idualelements.”(ZhangWeiyou,174)“Anidiomisaphrasewhosemeaningisdifferentorsometimesimpossibletoguessbylookingatthemeaningsoftheindividualwordsitcontains.”(ASHonrnby,2004,B19)suchas,“blacksheep”(害群之马),“Putasockinit”(住口),“goovermyhead”(无法理解).“Mostphrasallexemesare
5、idioms,especiallyasequenceofwordswhichissemanticallyandoftensyntacticallyrestricted.”(HuZhuanglin,106)E.g.“Don’tput10yourproblemsatmydoorstep”(归咎于我),“doinRomeastheRoman’sdo”(入乡随俗),“aspoorasachurchmouse”(一贫如洗)1.Features1.structuralstabilityManyEnglishidiomsarecha
6、racterizedbystructuralinvariability.Theirformisoftenfixed.Thewordinidiomaticexpressionscannotbedeleted,addedto,intheidiomlivefromhandtomouth,itisimpossibletosaylivefromhandtothemouthorlivefromahandtoamouth;intheidiomtokickthebucket,iftheword“bucket”isreplacedby“
7、pail”,themeaningoftheidiomwillnolongermean“die”.2.semanticunityIdiomsaremainlycharacteizedbytheirsemanticunity.Semanticunitymeansanidiomfunctioningasaunitofmeaning,andmustbelearnedasawhole.Thatis,themeaningoftheidiomcannotbededucedfromtheliteralmeaningofitsmembe
8、rwords.So,pullone'ssocksupnotatallconnectedwith“socks”,itmeanstocheerup,workharder,asin“Ifyouwanttobeconsideredforpromotionnextyear,you'dbetterpullyoursocksup.”Ifyouw