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1、OntheInfulenceofHistoricalDevelopmentandGeographyEnvironmentontheFormationofEnglishIdiomsIntrocductionWhenopeningOxfordAdvancedLearner’sDictionaryofCurrentEnglish,onecanseesuchanentry:“Idiom(n.)Phraseorsentencewhosemeaningisnotclearfromthemeaningofitsindividualwordsandwhichmustbelearntas
2、awholeunit.”Englishisalanguageparticularlyrichinidioms.Lotsofculturalinformationisembodiedinidioms.Insomesenses,idiomsarethereflectionoftheenvironment,life,historicalculture,etc.Theyarecommonlyusedinalltypesoflanguage,informalandformal,spokenandwritten.Inbrief,idiomsarefixedphrases.Theyg
3、othroughthetestofhistoryandcannotbeseparated.Theyareanimportantpartofthegeneralvocabularyofeverylanguage.Englishidiomsareusuallywidelyandcommonlyusedallovertheworld.Theycontainbriefstructuresandprofoundmeanings,andarealsoagroupofwordswiththemeaningdifferentfromtheliteralone.AsanEnglishle
4、arner,westudyEnglisheveryday;learningitsliteraryworks,grammaticalfunctions,usethemandsoon.Sometimes,wecomecrosssomesentencesthatwecan’tunderstand,suchas,“Thereisablacksheep”or“Don’tbeabadapple”,“goovermyhead”,“Don’tputyourproblemsatmydoorstep”,“justbearwithme”,“heapcoaloffireonone’shead”
5、etc.Ofcoursewecancomprehendthemeaningofeverysingleword.Whydowehavedifficultyinunderstandingthem?Becauseofalowleveloflinguisticcompetenceinthetargetlanguage,peoplewholearnEnglishasasecondlanguageareatadistinctdisadvantageinunderstandingEnglishidioms.WemustknowtheoriginsofEnglishidiomssoth
6、atwecanlearnEnglishwell.TheresearchtoEnglishidiomshasalonghistory.Scholars’studyfocusesonthefollowingaspects:theoringinsoftheidioms,comparisonbetweenEnglishidiomsandChineseidioms,andthetranslationofEnglishidioms.What’smore,theytalkabouttheidiomsthroughitsnotionofculture.Othersschoolarspa
7、yattentiontothestructural,semanticfunctionandrhetoricofidioms.15TheformationofEnglishidiomsisinfluencedbysuchculturalfactorsasgeographicalconditions,historicaldevelopments,customs,religiousbeliefs,literatureandartsoftheBritishnation.SoIdecidedtofocuseontheinfluenceofhisto
