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1、兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）ChinaHigh-SpeedRailwayAstheeconomicgrow,intercitytraveldemandhasincreaseddramaticallyintheGreaterChinaArea.Traditionalrailwayscanhardlysatisfythepassengerandfreighttraveldemand,highspeedrailishenceproposedandconstructedafter1990s.Thisstudyaimstointegratecurrentdevelopmentofbot
2、hrail-basedandMaglevhighspeedtrainsinthisarea.From1997,Taiwankicked-offitshighspeedrailconstructionbyimportingthetechnologyofJapaneseShinkansen.TheTaiwanHighSpeedRailisa15-billionUSdollarsproject.Tosavethecostofconstructionandmanagement,theBOTmodelwasapplied.Thoughnottotallysatisfied,thispr
3、ojectisstillsuccessfulandreadytooperateinthe4thquarterof2007.Chinaispreparingitshighspeedrailservicesbyupgradingcurrentnetworks.Thecapacityandoperatingspeedareallincreasedafter5-timessystemupgrade.The6thupgradewillbeinitiatedin2006.Bythen,trainswillrunataspeedof200km/hinatotaldistanceof1,40
4、0kmin7differentroutes.FromthewhitepaperpublishedbytheMinistryofRailwayinChina,therewillbetotally8rail-basedHighSpeedTrainservices.FourofthemareNorth-Southbound,andfourofthemareEast-Westbound.5ofthe8HighSpeedRailsarenowunderconstruction,thefirstlinewillbefinishedin2009,andthe2ndonewillbein20
5、10.By2020,therewillbetotally12,000kilometershighspeedrailservicesinChina.The250billionUSdollarsconstructioncoststillleavessomeuncertaintiesforalltheseprojects.Finally,thefutureoftheMaglevsysteminChinaisnotsobrightasrail-based.Shanghaiairportlinecouldbethefirst,alsothelastMaglevprojectinChin
6、aiftheapprovedShanghai-Hangzhoulinecannotraiseenough4.4billiondollarstobuildit.SteelrailcompositionSteelrailiscomposedofiron,carbon,manganese,andsilicon,andcontainsimpuritiessuchasphosphorous,sulphur,gases,andslag.Theproportionsofthesesubstancesmaybealteredtoachievedifferentproperties,sucha
7、sincreasedresistancetowearoncurves.ThestandardconfigurationforNorthAmericanrailresemblesanupsidedownT.ThethreepartsofT-railarecalledthebase,web,andhead.Theflatbaseenabledsuchrailtobespikeddirectlytowoodencrossties;later,railwasplacedonthenow-standardstee
