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1、兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）ChinaHigh-SpeedRailwayAstheeconomicgrow,intercitytraveldemandhasincreaseddramaticallyintheGreaterChinaArea.Traditionalrailwayscanhardlysatisfythepassengerandfreighttraveldemand,highspeedrailishenceproposedandconstructedafter1990s.Thisstud
2、yaimstointegratecurrentdevelopmentofbothrail-basedandMaglevhighspeedtrainsinthisarea.From1997,Taiwankicked-offitshighspeedrailconstructionbyimportingthetechnologyofJapaneseShinkansen.TheTaiwanHighSpeedRailisa15-billionUSdollarsproject.Tosavethecostofco
3、nstructionandmanagement,theBOTmodelwasapplied.Thoughnottotallysatisfied,thisprojectisstillsuccessfulandreadytooperateinthe4thquarterof2007.Chinaispreparingitshighspeedrailservicesbyupgradingcurrentnetworks.Thecapacityandoperatingspeedareallincreasedaft
4、er5-timessystemupgrade.The6thupgradewillbeinitiatedin2006.Bythen,trainswillrunataspeedof200km/hinatotaldistanceof1,400kmin7differentroutes.FromthewhitepaperpublishedbytheMinistryofRailwayinChina,therewillbetotally8rail-basedHighSpeedTrainservices.Fouro
5、fthemareNorth-Southbound,andfourofthemareEast-Westbound.5ofthe8HighSpeedRailsarenowunderconstruction,thefirstlinewillbefinishedin2009,andthe2ndonewillbein2010.By2020,therewillbetotally12,000kilometershighspeedrailservicesinChina.The250billionUSdollarsc
6、onstructioncoststillleavessomeuncertaintiesforalltheseprojects.Finally,thefutureoftheMaglevsysteminChinaisnotsobrightasrail-based.Shanghaiairportlinecouldbethefirst,alsothelastMaglevprojectinChinaiftheapprovedShanghai-Hangzhoulinecannotraiseenough4.4bi
7、lliondollarstobuildit.SteelrailcompositionSteelrailiscomposedofiron,carbon,manganese,andsilicon,andcontainsimpuritiessuchasphosphorous,sulphur,gases,andslag.Theproportionsofthesesubstancesmaybealteredtoachievedifferentproperties,suchasincreasedresistan
8、cetowearoncurves.ThestandardconfigurationforNorthAmericanrailresemblesanupsidedownT.ThethreepartsofT-railarecalledthebase,web,andhead.Theflatbaseenabledsuchrailtobespikeddirectlytowoodencrossties;later,railwasplacedonthenow-standardstee
