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1、颌面部CT增强扫描造影剂外渗的预防及护理方伟华孙琦（通讯作者）董敏俊陶晓峰（上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院放射科上海200011）【摘要】目的：探讨颌面部CT增强扫描造影剂外渗的预防及发牛外渗后的正确护理方法。方法：72例颌面部CT增强扫描造影剂外渗病人的临床资料，回顾性分析CT增强造影剂外渗的处理及预后。结果：72例颌面部CT增强渗出患者中，按扫描类别分，CTA扫描渗出例数占58.33%,常规增强占29.17%,功能成像增强占12.5%；按造影剂类别分，分别应用4种造影剂渗出患者无统计学差异（P>0.05）o按CT造影剂注射速率分
2、，速率为4.0〜5.0mI的占54.17%,速率为2.0〜3.0ml的占19.44%,速率为3.0〜4.0ml的占26.39%；按造影剂剂量分，注射剂量70〜100ml的渗出例数大于剂量≤70ml的例数；按渗出面积分，轻度造影剂外渗（造影剂渗出小于10ml）的占77.78%,中度造影剂外渗的占16.67%,重度造影剂外渗的为5.56%；按肿胀范围分，肿胀范围1〜3cnn的占75%,4〜10cm的占19.45%,超过:LOcm的占5.56%。经积极处理及针对性护理，经随访证实均未出现后遗症。结论：CT增强扫描造影剂外渗的原因是多方面的，采
3、取积极的预防措施是减少或避免造影剂外渗发牛的重要方法，关键是有针对性的及时护理。【关键词】颌面部；外渗；CT增强；造影剂；护理【中图分类号】R472【文献标识码】B【文章编号】2095-1752（2016）05-0237-03ThepreventionandnursingofCTenhaneedcontrastagentextravasationinMaxillofacial.FangWei-hua,SunQi,DongMin-junjaoXiao-feng.DepartmentofRadiology,ShanghaiNinthPeople&
4、rsquo;sHospital,ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolofMedicine,639ZhizaojuRoad,Shanghai200011,PRChina【Abstract】ObjectiveToprobeintothepreventionextravasationofcontrastagentsandtheprocessingofthecontrastagentextravasationintheCTseanningofthemaxillofacialregion.MethodsToanalyzeth
5、eprognosisandtreatmentofthe72clinicalcaseswhosufferedfromthecontrastagentextravasationinthemaxillofacialCTenhancedseanningretrospectively.ResultsInaccordaneewiththecategoriesofseanning,theCTAseanningeffusioncasesaccountedfor58.33%,theconventionalenhancementaccountedfor29.17
6、%andthefunctionalenhancedimagingaccountedfor12.5%;Accordingtothecategoriesofcontrastagent,therewasnostatisticaldifferenceoftheextravasationamongthepatientsinjectingthefourkindsofthecontrastagentsrespectively(P>0.05).AccordingtotheinjectionrateofCTcontrastagent,therateof4
7、.0~5.0mlwas54.17%,therateof2.0~3.0mlwas19.4%,andtherateof3.0~4.0mlwas26.39%;Accordingtothecontrastagentdose,thenumberoftheexudativecasethatwas70~100mlwasgreaterthanthenumberthatwaslessthanorequaltothe70ml;Accordingtotheleakagearea,themildcontrastagentextravasation(thecontra
8、stextravasationwaslessthan10ml)accountedfor77.78%,themoderatecontrastagentextravas
