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1、拮抗黄芪根腐病菌的根际促生菌的室内筛选与鉴定[摘要]该文以黄茂根腐病菌Fusariiimsolani为靶标,采用平板对峙和牛津杯法对被筛菌株进行了抑菌活性评价,并测定了抑菌效果显著且稳定性良好菌株的促生性能,结果显示:菌株G10的活体和发酵液均表现出了明显且稳定的抑菌效果;同时,还具有溶磷能力、固氮能力、淀粉酶活性、产IAA和产HCN等5项促生长特性。形态学观察、生理生化特性测定、16SrDNA序列同源性分析、以及BBLCrystalTM细菌鉴定仪鉴定结果均表明:菌株G10为枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillussubti
2、lise综上,枯草芽孢杆菌G10具备了多功能菌株的基本特征,是开发黄芪根腐病专用微生物农药的有效物质基础。[关键词]黄芪根腐病;植物根际促生菌;筛选;鉴定InvitroscreeningandidentificationofplantgrowthpromotingrhizobacteriaagainstpathogencausingAstragalusrootrotGAOFcnl,HAORui2,QINXucmci3,LEIZhcnhong4,WANGYulong4,WANGMengliangl*(1.Insti
3、tuteofAppliedChemistry,ShanxiUniversity,Taiyuan030006,China;2.InstituteofBiotechnology,ShanxiUniversity,Taiyuan030006,China;3.ModernResearchCenterforTraditionalChineseMedicine,ShanxiUniversity,Taiyuan030006,China;4.ShanxiZhendongGeoherbalsDevelopmentCo.,Ltd.,
4、Changzhi047100,China)[Abstract]TheantagonisticeffectofBacillusspp.againstFusariunisolaniwasevaluatedbylivingbodydualcultureandOxfordcupmethod.Theplantgrowthpromotingpropertiesofthosestrainsthathadobviousandstableantifungalactivitywerethentested.Theresultsshow
5、edthatthelivingbodyandbacteriafreefermentationfiltrateofstrainG10bothhadobviousandstableantifungaleffecttoF.solani.Besides,thestrainpossessedsuchgrowthpromotingpropertiesasphosphatesolubilization,nitrogenfixation,andproductionofTAA,amylaseandHCN.StrainG10wasc
6、lassifiedandidentifiedasB.subtilisbyacombinationofmorphological,physiologicalandbiochemicaltests,16SrDNAgenesequenceanalysisandtheBBLCrystalTMbacteriaidentification.Inconclusion,B.subtilisG10hasthebasiccharacteristicsofmultifunctionalstrainsandcouldbeoneofthe
7、microbiologicalresourcesfordevelopingspecialbiocontrolagentagainstAstragalusrootrot.[Keywords]Astragalusrootrot;plantgrowthpromotingrhizobactcria(PGPR);screening;identificationdoi:10.4268/cjcmm20162217植物根际土壤中的根际促生菌(PGPR)指生存于植物根际、根表,能直接或间接地促进植物生长,增加作物产量,并能抑制有害
8、微生物的有益菌[1]。PGPR主要通过产生调节植物生长的信号物质,如吲哚乙酸、赤霉素、细胞分裂素和乙烯、非共生固氮、溶解磷矿物及其他养分等机制促进植物生长,同时也能产生嗜铁素和氢氰酸等抵抗病原菌[2]。芽孢杆菌作为一类重要的PGPR菌[3],具有很强的环境适应性和友好性,在大田及蔬菜等的土传病害防治中显示出了巨人的潜力[46]。利用芽孢杆菌防治药用植物土传病害也有一些报道