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1、LEORABATNITZKYEncounteringtheModernSubjectinLevinasINTRODUCTIONThescholarlyliteratureonLevinasandDescartesissurprisinglysparse,givenLevinas'sboldclaimsinTotalityandInfinitythatheisdrawingonanumberofprofoundCartesianinsights.SomeattentionhasbeengiventoLevinas'su
2、seofDescartes'sconceptionofinfinityandsometohisuseofDescartes'sevilgeniusinarguingforagoodnessbeyondbeing.Myfocusinthisessay,however,isonLevinas'sappro-priationofDescartes'sphilosophyinordertoargueforaseparable,in-dependentsubject.Levinas'sclaimaboutethicsrests
3、uponhiseluci-dationofthesubjectofethics,the"I"whoisuniquelyresponsible.Itistheseparate,independent,indeedatheisticselfthathemeanstoaf-firminTotalityandInfinity.Despitehisargumentsabouttheinabil-ityofphilosophytograspthefaceoftheother,Levinas'sprojectisnoth-ings
4、hortofadefenseofthemodernphilosophicalproject-andthemodernsubjectinparticular-afterHeidegger.IfpostmodernphilosophytakesasitsvillainthesubjectofDes-cartes'scogito,thereadingofLevinaspresentedinthisessaycallsintoquestiontheviewofLevinasasa"postmodern"thinker.Iar
5、gueinwhatfollowsthatLevinas'sphenomenologicaldescriptionofthesubjectinTotalityandInfinity,andalsoinOtherwisethanBeing,bearsitsgreat-estdebttoDescartes.Levinasinfactpresentshisreaderswithaneth-icalencounterwithDescartes'smodernsubject-anencounterthatheclaimsisal
6、readypresentinDescartes.Yetsurely,onewouldquicklyreply,Levinas'ssubjectisnotDes-1.OfparticularinterestisRobertBernasconi's"TheSilentAnarchicWorldoftheEvilGenius,"inG.Moneta,J.Sallis,andJ.Taminiaux,eds.,TheCollegiumPhaenome-nologicum:TheFirstTenYears(Dordrecht:K
7、luwer,1988),257-72.YFS104,EncounterswithLevinas,ed.ThomasTrezise,?2004byYaleUniversity.6LEORABATNITZKY7cartes'ssubject.Iargueinwhatfollows,however,thatthesubjectde-scribedbyTotalityandInfinityisnoneotherthanDescartes'sso-calledmodernsubject.Inanimportantsense,t
8、hisclaimisn'tevenaclaimbe-causeLevinassaysasmuch.IfHeidegger,inBeingandTime,takesDescartestohaveexpressedanddeterminedthemoderndichotomybe-tweensubjectandobject,Levinasseeks
