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1、1EnglishtexFromreference1Seealso:Windpower,Windfarm,andWindpowerintheUnitedStatesAirflowscanbeusedtorunwindturbines.Modemwindturbinesrangefromaround600kWto5MWofratedpower,althoughturbineswithratedoutputof1.5-3MWhavebecomethemostcommonforcommercialuse;thepoweroutputofaturbineisafunct
2、ionofthecubeofthewindspeed,soaswindspeedincreases,poweroutputincreasesdramatically.Areaswherewindsarestrongerandmoreconstant,suchasoffshoreandhighaltitudesites,arepreferredlocationsforwindfarms.Typicalcapacityfactorsarc20-40%,withvaluesattheupperendoftherangeinparticularlyfavourable
3、sites.Globally,thelong-termtechnicalpotentialofwindenergyisbelievedtobefivetimestotalcurrentglobalenergyproduction,or40timescurrentelectricitydemand.Thiscouldrequirelargeamountsoflandtobeusedforwindturbines,particularlyinareasofhigherwindresources.Offshoreresourcesexperiencemeanwind
4、speedsof〜90%greaterthanthatofland,sooffshoreresourcescouldcontributesubstantiallymoreenergy.Windpowerisrenewableandproducesnogreenhousegasesduringoperation,suchascarbondioxideandmethane.Keywords:windpower，windturincsFromreference2Seealso:HydroelectricityandHydropowerEnergyinwatercan
5、beharnessedandused.Sincewaterisabout800timesdenserthanair,evenaslowflowingstreamofwater,ormoderateseaswell,canyieldconsiderableamountsofenergy.Therearemanyformsofwaterenergy:•Hydroelectricenergyisatermusuallyreservedforlarge-scalehydroelectricdams・ExamplesaretheGrandCouleeDaminWashi
6、ngtonStateandtheAkosomboDaminGhana.•Microhydrosystemsarehydroelectricpowerinstallationsthattypicallyproduceupto100kWofpower.Theyareoftenusedinwaterrichareasasaremote-areapowersupply(RAPS).Therearemanyoftheseinstallationsaroundtheworld,includingseveraldeliveringaround50kWintheSolomon
7、Islands.•Damlesshydrosystemsderivekineticenergyfromriversandoceanswithoutusingadam・•Oceanenergydescribesallthetechnologiestoharnessenergyfromtheoceanandthesea・Thisincludesmarinecurrentpower,oceanthermalenergyconversion,andtidalpower.Keywords:hydropower,theGrandCouleeDam,theAkosomboD
8、amFromreference3See
