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1、5Abrahamism？ themonotheisticAbrahamicreligions,consideredcollectively.Agnosticism1.Theviewthatabsolutetruthorultimatecertaintyisunattainable,especiallyregardingknowledgenotbasedonexperienceorperceivablephenomena.2.TheviewthattheexistenceofGodorofalldeitiesisunkn
2、own,unknowable,unproven,orunprovable.3.Doubt,uncertainty,orscepticismregardingtheexistenceofagodorgods.4.(byextension)Doubt,uncertainty,orscepticismregardinganysubjectofdispute.Atomism1.(philosophy)TheancientGreektheorythatallmatteriscomposedofverysmallindestruc
3、tibleandindivisibleparticles.2.(philosophy)Thedoctrinethatsocietyarisesfromindividualsandthatlargerstructuresareunimportant.BuddhismThereligionandphilosophyfoundedbytheNepaleseteacherGautamaBuddha.Communism1TheideologyofpoliticalpartiesthatusethetermCommunistint
4、heirnames,usuallyMarxistandLeninist.2Thesocio-economicsystembasedonsuchparties'ideologies.3(US,informal)Astateofaffairsperceivedasoppressive,overlyarbitrary,ortotalitarian.CartesianismCartesianismisthenamegiventothephilosophicaldoctrine(orschool)ofRenéDescartes.
5、Cartesiansviewthemindasbeingwhollyseparatefromthecorporealbody.Ingeneral,Cartesianthoughtdividestheworldintothreeareasofexistence:•thatinhabitedbythephysicalbody(matter),•thatinhabitedbythemind,and•thatinhabitedbyGod.ConservatismConservatismasapoliticalandsocial
6、philosophypromotesretainingtraditionalsocialinstitutionsinthecontextofthecultureandcivilization.Someconservativesseektopreservethingsastheyare,emphasizingstabilityandcontinuity,whileothers,calledreactionaries,opposemodernismandseekareturnto"thewaythingswere.”Cos
7、mopolitanismCosmopolitanismistheideologythatallhumanethnicgroupsbelongtoasinglecommunitybasedonasharedmorality.Apersonwhoadherestotheideaofcosmopolitanisminanyofitsformsiscalledacosmopolitanorcosmopolite.CreationismCreationismisthebeliefthattheUniverseandLifeori
8、ginate"fromspecificactsofdivinecreation."CatholicismCatholicismisusedasabroadtermfordescribingspecifictraditionsintheChristianchurchesintheology,doctrine,liturgy,ethi
