资源描述：
《英语各种义集合及名词解释.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、Abrahamism？ themonotheisticAbrahamicreligions,consideredcollectively.Agnosticism1.Theviewthatabsolutetruthorultimatecertaintyisunattainable,especiallyregardingknowledgenotbasedonexperienceorperceivablephenomena.2.TheviewthattheexistenceofGodorofalldeitiesisunknown,unknowable,unpro
2、ven,orunprovable.3.Doubt,uncertainty,orscepticismregardingtheexistenceofagodorgods.4.(byextension)Doubt,uncertainty,orscepticismregardinganysubjectofdispute.Atomism1.(philosophy)TheancientGreektheorythatallmatteriscomposedofverysmallindestructibleandindivisibleparticles.2.(philoso
3、phy)Thedoctrinethatsocietyarisesfromindividualsandthatlargerstructuresareunimportant.BuddhismThereligionandphilosophyfoundedbytheNepaleseteacherGautamaBuddha.Communism1TheideologyofpoliticalpartiesthatusethetermCommunistintheirnames,usuallyMarxistandLeninist.2Thesocio-economicsyst
4、embasedonsuchparties'ideologies.3(US,informal)Astateofaffairsperceivedasoppressive,overlyarbitrary,ortotalitarian.CartesianismCartesianismisthenamegiventothephilosophicaldoctrine(orschool)ofRenéDescartes.Cartesiansviewthemindasbeingwhollyseparatefromthecorporealbody.Ingeneral,Cart
5、esianthoughtdividestheworldintothreeareasofexistence:•thatinhabitedbythephysicalbody(matter),•thatinhabitedbythemind,and•thatinhabitedbyGod.ConservatismConservatismasapoliticalandsocialphilosophypromotesretainingtraditionalsocialinstitutionsinthecontextofthecultureandcivilization.
6、Someconservativesseektopreservethingsastheyare,emphasizingstabilityandcontinuity,whileothers,calledreactionaries,opposemodernismandseekareturnto"thewaythingswere.”CosmopolitanismCosmopolitanismistheideologythatallhumanethnicgroupsbelongtoasinglecommunitybasedonasharedmorality.Aper
7、sonwhoadherestotheideaofcosmopolitanisminanyofitsformsiscalledacosmopolitanorcosmopolite.CreationismCreationismisthebeliefthattheUniverseandLifeoriginate"fromspecificactsofdivinecreation."CatholicismCatholicismisusedasabroadtermfordescribingspecifictraditionsintheChristianchurches
8、intheology,doctrine,liturgy,ethic
