语言学教程复习题与答案

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1、语言学教程复习题与答案（胡壮麟版第一章）ChapterI1.Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.2.Linguisticsstudiesparticularlanguage,notlanguagesingeneraL3・Ascientificstudyoflanguageisbasedonwhatthelinguistthinks.4.Inthestudyoflinguistics,hypothesesformedshouldbebasedonlanguagefactsandcheckedagainsttheo

2、bservedfacts.5.Generallinguisticsisgenerallythestudyoflanguageasawhole.6.Generallinguistics,whichrelatesitselftotheresearchofotherareas,studiesthebasicconcepts,theories,descriptions,modelsandmethodsapplicableinanylinguisticstudy.7.Phoneticsisdifferentfromphonologyinthatthelatterstudiesthecombination

3、softhesoundstoconveymeaningincommunication*8.Morphologystudieshowwordscanbeformedtoproducemeaningfulsentences.9.Thestudyofthewaysinwhichmorphemescanbecombinedtoformwordsiscalledmorphology.10.Syntaxisdifferentfrommorphologyinthattheformernotonlystudiesthemorphemes,butalsothecombinationofmorphemesinto

4、wordsandwordsintosentences

5、geinrelationtosociety.16.Modernlinguisticsismostlyprescriptive,butsometimesdescriptive.17.Modernlinguisticsisdifferentfromtraditionalgrammar.18.Adiachronicstudyoflanguageisthedescriptionoflanguageatsomepointintime.19.Modernlinguisticsregardsthewrittenlanguageasprimary^notthewrittenlanguage.20eThedis

6、tinctionbetweencompetenceandperformancewasproposedbyF.deSaussure.ILFillineachofthefollowingblankswithonewordwhichbeginswiththelettergiven:21.Chomskydefines“competence^astheidealuser5skoftherulesofhislanguage.21.Languereferstothealinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunitywhiletheparoleis

7、theconcreteuseoftheconventionsandapplicationoftherules.22.Disoneofthedesignfeaturesofhumanlanguagewhichreferstothephenonthatlanguageconsistsoftwolevels:alowerlevelofmeaninglessindividualsoundsandahigh