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1、Inversion倒装句一、概述：英语句子的基本语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后（thenaturalorder），当语序颠倒时就成了倒装结构（theinvertedorder）。把谓语的全部放在主语之前称为完全倒装；而只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，则称为部分倒装。倒装的分类1部分倒装-主语与助动词/情态动词/系动词倒装结构：助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动词NeverhaveIheardsuchathing.=Ihaveneverheardsuchathing.2全部倒装–主语与谓语动词倒装结构：谓语动词+主语Dow
2、nfelltherain.=Therainfelldown二．全部倒装句1.here,there,now,then,thus，out，away,up,down等表示时间地点方向的副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run。当其主语为名词时，通常要使用倒装。例如：a.Theregoesthebell.b.Thencamethechairman.c.Hereisyourletter.d.Awaywenttheboytotheschool!e.Offgoesthewoman!注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构
3、的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能倒装。Herehecomes. Awaytheywent.2.以引导词there开头的句子，须使用倒装结构，除therebe外还有thereLive/stand/lie/exist等。例如：a.Therearethreebooksonthedesk．b.Therelivedanoldfishermannearthesea.c.Therestandsatallbuildinginthecentreofthetown.3.so,neither,nor表示前面所述一件事也适合另一
4、个人或物时.So用于肯定句,neither/nor用于否定句. a.TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.b.Ifyoudon'tgo,neitherwillI.注意：1)当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid.---It‘sraininghard. ---Soitis.2)但如果上文所述两件事也适合另一个人或物，就用Soitis/waswithsb.或Itis/wasthesa
5、mewithsb.MarxwasborninGermanyandGermanwashisnativelanguage.SoitwaswithEngls.4.介词短语做地点状语放在句首eg.a.Inthecottagelivesafamilyofsix.b.Nearthebridgewasanoldcottage.c.Infrontofthehousesatalittleboy.三．部分倒装句1.疑问句a.Haveyouseenthefilm?b.Whenarewegoingtodrinktoyourhappiness
6、?注意：如疑问词在句中做主语，则用自然语序。c.Whoisyoursister?d.Whatisourwork?2.so/such...that的so/such位于句首时，eg.a.Soloudlydidthestudentsreadthatpeoplecouldhearthemoutinthestreet.b.Sosmallwerethewordsthathecouldhardlyseethem.c.Suchafamousmanishethateveryonewantstotakeaphotowithhim.3.否
7、定意义的副词或短语位于句首时，常见的有：innoway,notonly…butalso,never,little,rarely,seldom,hardly...When,nosooner…than,scarcely…when,innocase,notuntil(当Notuntil引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。)eg.a.Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.b.Hardly can I follow you. c.Seldom do I vi
8、sit USA.d.NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。e.Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.f.Themotherdidn'tleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep.4.在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,had,shou
