外商直接投资在捷克汽车产业中所起的作用【外文翻译】

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1、本科毕业论文外文翻译外文题目：TheRoleofFDIintheCzechAutomotiveIndustry出处：ASuccessfulTransformation，ContributionsofEconomics，2008，185-209作者：PetrPavlínek原文：TheRoleofFDIintheCzechAutomotiveIndustryTheroleofFDIhasbeenconsideredtobecriticalinthepost-socialisteconomicdevelopmen

2、tofCEE(e.g.Dunning1993:25;Ozawa2000:xii;LankesandStern1997:1)becauseFDIisviewedasan“engineofdevelopment”(Csáki1995:112),avehicleofeconomicmodernizationandadrivingforceofproductivitydevelopment(Hunya2000:8,12).SomecommentatorsevenconsiderFDItobea“shipofriche

3、sthatwillensureeconomicprosperity”(Kojima2001:22).Bythelate1990s,ithasbecomeaclichéinCEEtoconsidertheroleofforeigncapitaltobesuperiortothatofdomesticcapitalinenterpriserestructuring.ThispositiveviewofFDIresultedatleastpartlyfromfailureofdomesticprivatizatio

4、nschemestogeneratestrategicrestructuringattheenterpriselevelincountriessuchasCzechiaandSlovakia.1Itseems,however,thatsuchviewstendtoexaggeratetheactualeffectsofFDIinCEEanditsroleinthepost-1989economictransformation,becausetheoverallvolumesofFDIinCEEremainlo

5、wwhencomparedtootherworldregions.2Thegenerallyassumedsuperiorperformanceofenterpriseswithforeigncapitalcomparedtodomesticenterpriseshasbeenverydifficulttoverifyempiricallywiththeexceptionofmanufacturing(Szanyi2000:76).Itisalsoimportanttokeepinmindthateffect

6、sofFDIinCEEhavebeengeographicallyandsectorallyveryuneven(e.g.PavlínekandSmith1998;Pavlínek2002a,2002b)andthatFDIdoesnotnecessarilyleadtoautomaticeconomicsuccessintheforeigninvestedenterprises(FIEs–jointventuresandforeign-ownedcompanies).Indeed,theresearchon

7、FDIinCEEpointstowardsalargediversityofFIEsinallpossiblerespectsand,consequently,totheneedtobetterunderstandthisdiversityaswellastheoveralleconomiceffectsofFDIinCEEcountries(Szanyi2000:74).TwotypesofFDIstudiesinCEEcanbeidentified:Firstarethestudiesthattypica

8、llyinvestigateFDIfromnationalandmacroeconomicperspectivesandfocusonanalysesofempiricaldata(e.g.Hunya2000;Artisienetal.1993;Zloch-Christy1995).Secondarethecasestudiesofindividualinvestmentsfromvariousse