外商直接投资在捷克汽车产业中所起的作用【外文翻译】

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1、本科毕业论文外文翻译外文题目：TheRoleofFDIintheCzechAutomotiveIndustry出处：ASuccessfulTransformation，ContributionsofEconomics，2008，185-209作者：PetrPavlínek原文：TheRoleofFDIintheCzechAutomotiveIndustryTheroleofFDIhasbeenconsideredtobecriticalinthepost-socialisteconomicdevelopmentofCEE(e.g.Dunni

2、ng1993:25;Ozawa2000:xii;LankesandStern1997:1)becauseFDIisviewedasan“engineofdevelopment”(Csáki1995:112),avehicleofeconomicmodernizationandadrivingforceofproductivitydevelopment(Hunya2000:8,12).SomecommentatorsevenconsiderFDItobea“shipofrichesthatwillensureeconomicprosperit

3、y”(Kojima2001:22).Bythelate1990s,ithasbecomeaclichéinCEEtoconsidertheroleofforeigncapitaltobesuperiortothatofdomesticcapitalinenterpriserestructuring.ThispositiveviewofFDIresultedatleastpartlyfromfailureofdomesticprivatizationschemestogeneratestrategicrestructuringattheent

4、erpriselevelincountriessuchasCzechiaandSlovakia.1Itseems,however,thatsuchviewstendtoexaggeratetheactualeffectsofFDIinCEEanditsroleinthepost-1989economictransformation,becausetheoverallvolumesofFDIinCEEremainlowwhencomparedtootherworldregions.2Thegenerallyassumedsuperiorper

5、formanceofenterpriseswithforeigncapitalcomparedtodomesticenterpriseshasbeenverydifficulttoverifyempiricallywiththeexceptionofmanufacturing(Szanyi2000:76).ItisalsoimportanttokeepinmindthateffectsofFDIinCEEhavebeengeographicallyandsectorallyveryuneven(e.g.PavlínekandSmith199

6、8;Pavlínek2002a,2002b)andthatFDIdoesnotnecessarilyleadtoautomaticeconomicsuccessintheforeigninvestedenterprises(FIEs–jointventuresandforeign-ownedcompanies).Indeed,theresearchonFDIinCEEpointstowardsalargediversityofFIEsinallpossiblerespectsand,consequently,totheneedtobette

7、runderstandthisdiversityaswellastheoveralleconomiceffectsofFDIinCEEcountries(Szanyi2000:74).TwotypesofFDIstudiesinCEEcanbeidentified:FirstarethestudiesthattypicallyinvestigateFDIfromnationalandmacroeconomicperspectivesandfocusonanalysesofempiricaldata(e.g.Hunya2000;Artisie

8、netal.1993;Zloch-Christy1995).Secondarethecasestudiesofindividualinvestmentsfromvariousse