服务政策改革和转型经济的增长【外文翻译】

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1、本科毕业论文外文翻译外文题目：ServicesPolicyReformandEconomicGrowthinTransitionEconomies出处：　　　　TheKielInstitute　　　作者：FelixEschenbachandBernardHoekman原文：ServicesPolicyReformandEconomicGrowthTransitionEconomiesFelixEschenbachandBernardHoekmanAbstractMajorchangeshaveoccurredinthestructureofformercentrallyplannedeco

2、nomies,includingasharpriseintheshareofservicesinGDP,employment,andinternationaltransactions.However,largedifferencesexistacrosstransitioneconomieswithrespecttoservicesintensityandservicespolicyreforms.Wefindthatreformsinpoliciestowardfinancialandinfrastructureservices,includingtelecommunications,pow

3、er,andtransport,arehighlycorrelatedwithinwardFDI.Controllingforregressorscommonlyusedinthegrowthliterature,wefindthatmeasuresofservicespolicyreformarestatisticallysignificantexplanatoryvariablesforthepost-1990economicperformanceoftransitioneconomies.Thesefindingssuggestservicespoliciesshouldbeconside

4、redmoregenerallyinempiricalanalysesofeconomicgrowth.1.IntroductionOneofthestylizedfactsofeconomicdevelopmentisthattheshareofservicesinGDPandemploymentrisesaspercapitaincomesincrease(FrancoisandReinert1996).Thisreflectsincreasingspecializationandexchangeofservicesthroughthemarket(“outsourcing”)—with

5、anassociatedincreaseinvarietyandqualitythatmayraiseproductivityoffirmsandwelfareoffinalconsumers,inturnincreasingdemandforservices.9Italsoreflectsthelimitedscopefor(labor)productivityinprovisionofsomeservices,implyingthatovertimethe(real)costsoftheseserviceswillriserelativetomerchandize,aswilltheirsh

6、areofemployment(Baumol1967;Fuchs1968).Servicesareincreasinglybecomingtradableasaresultofthegreatermobilityofpeopleandtechnologicalchange.Thisfurtherincreasesthescopeforspecializationinproductionandtrade.Thecompetitivenessoffirmsbothdomesticenterprisesoperatingonthelocalmarketandexportersoninternati

7、onalmarkets—dependsimportantlyontheavailability,cost,andqualityofproducerservicessuchasfinance,transport,andtelecommunicatesations.Servicesindustriesweregenerallyneglectedundercentralplanning.Marxistthinkingemphas