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1、‘TheMeaningofJapaneseGardenDesign’日本庭園デザイン論1.Background:HistoryofJapanOverview基礎知識：日本の歴史PoliticalHistoryofJapan:17c.-10c.BC縄文時代JomonPeriod;huntingandnomadiclife10c.BC-3c.AD弥生時代YayoiPeriod;agricultureandcommunitysettlements3c.-6c.AD古墳時代KofunPeriod;Kingsruledwithanimism6c.-710A.D.飛鳥
2、時代AsukaPeriod;Buddhismprevailed;lawruled710–794奈良時代NaraPeriod;CapitalinNara;Buddhists’dominated794–1192平安時代HeianPeriod;CapitalinKyoto;noblesruled.1192-1333鎌倉時代KamakuraPeriod;MilitarygovernmentnearTokyo1333-16c.室町時代MuromachiPeriod;MilitarygovernmentinKyoto16c.-1603戦国時代WarPeriod;Sev
3、eralrulerstookoveroneafteranother1603-1867江戸時代EdoPeriod;MilitarygovernmentinTokyo;closedcountry1868-1945近代（戦前）BeforeWW2;CapitalinTokyo,opencountry1945-present現代（戦後）AfterWW2;ParliamentarydemocracyNotes:1.‘Kyoto京都=Capital,CapitalTokyo東京=EastCapital2.Untilthe1945,theemperorandthenobl
4、eswereaboveallclasses,evenwhenthesamuraihadthepoliticalpower.th3.ShintowastheJapaneseoriginalreligionuntilBuddhismcamefromChinabywayofKoreain6century.4.PeriodsareconvenientlydividedforJapanesegardenstudy’ssake,andmaybedifferentfromotherhistorians’views.Inthiscase,Jomon/Yayoi/Kofun
5、refertothelevelsofcivilization;Asuka/Nara/Heianaredividedbycapitallocations;Kamakura/Muromachi/Edorefertorulinggovernments;Before/afterWW2meansabigsocialchange.KyotoUniversityInternationalEducationProgram（KUINEP）ArnoSuzuki鈴木在乃‘TheMeaningofJapaneseGardenDesign’日本庭園デザイン論CulturalTren
6、dsInfluenceonDesignStylesB.C.–6c.Shitoism;peopleworshippedthenatureasGodsÆsimple,practicalandnaturalisticdesign6c.-9c.ChineseandBuddhistsinfluenceÆlargescale,formal,colorfulandgorgeousdesign9c.-12c.LocalizationofChinesecultureÆsmallerscale,lessformal,asymmetricdesign12c.-15c.Samur
7、ai'sstoicismandZeninfluenceÆlargescale,dynamicandlesscolorfuldesign16c.-17c.Warperiod.Wabi-SabiconceptoccurredÆRustic,minimalscale,monotone,simpledesign17c.-18c.PeacefulperiodwithClose-doorpolicyÆnew‘Japonism’,mixtureofallthestylesinthepast18c.-19c.Affluentcommoners'culturalleader
8、shipÆurbanentertainments,coolandt
