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1、CurrentSituationandDevelopmentofNontariffBarriers付继洁1.1BackgroundTariffbarrierandnontariffbarrieraretwotoolsoftradeprotection.AftertheWorldWarTwo,withseveralroundsoftradenegotiationheldbyGATT,tarifflevelhasbeenloweredsignificantly.Tariffbarriercanonlyplayaroleinanevers
2、mallerscope.Atthesametime,duetoeconomicglobalizationandtradeliberation,allthecountriesareintensifyingtheirstruggleforworldmarket.tradecompetitionbetweencountriesreachedawhite-hotlevel.SoundertheWTOregulations,tradeprotectionismdoesnotshrankalittle,itexpands.Nontariffba
3、rrierisanundeniableevidence.Inmanycountries,nontariffbarriersaremainmeasuresfortradeprotection.In1967,duringtheKennedyRound,thereareonly80kindsofnontariffbarriers,butin1997,nontariffbarriershasincreasedto3000kindsonlyintenyears.Thedevelopmentofnontariffbarriershasin-de
4、pthinfluenceonworldtradeandChina'sforeignexport.AftertheimplementationofOpen-uppolicy,Chinahasmadetheworld-knownachievementinforeigntrade.Comprehensivenationalpowerincreasedapparently.In2002,China'sexporthit300billionforthefirsttime,achieve325billion.Atthesametime,deve
5、lopedcountriesputforwardmoreandmorenontariffmeasureswhichisdirectedagainstChina.Nowwearefacingwithmultiplenontariffbarriers,likeanti-dumping,technologicalbarrierandsoon.takeanti-dumpingandsafeguardmeasuresasexamples,over32countrieshaslaunchedanti-dumpingandsafeguardinv
6、estigationagainstChina'sexportedproductsuntil2002.Wehavelostmorethan15billiondollars.ItisnotablethatChina'sforeigntradefirstmeetsdeficitonJanuary,2003for1.24billion.Andexporttradeincreasesslowlyinthefollowingmonths.NontariffbarrierhasexistentialandpotentialthreattoChin
7、a'sforeigntrade.Soitisnecessarytoconductdeeperresearchonnontariffbarrierandtotraceitsdevelopment,sothatwecantakedifferentapproachestodealwithit.1.2ObjectivesofthisstudyThepurposeofthisstudyistwo-folded,thefirstistodefineandidentifynontariffbarrieranditslatestforms,anda
8、ssesstheirroleinforeigntradebothmacro-andmicro-approaches.Usingamicroapproach,severalcasestudiesareundertakentoexamin
