高考复习人教新课标选修8unit4

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一、单词识记1.___________n.教授2.________n.皮夹；钱包3.___________n.结果；效果4.________n.小偷；贼5.__________adv.适当地；恰当地properlyprofessorwalletoutcomethief 6._____________adj.麻烦的;讨厌的;使人苦恼的7.________n.身份;地位;职位8.________n.洗衣店9.________vt.背叛;显露出(本来面目)10._________vt.谴责condemntroublesomestatuslaundrybetray 11.____________n.惊讶;惊愕12._________vt.俯视;忽视13._________adj.杰出的;才华横溢的14._________adj.优秀的n.上级15._________adj.有效的,起作用的effectiveamazementoverlookbrilliantsuperior 二、单词拓展(A)单词派生1.___________vi.犹豫;踌躇____________n.犹豫;踌躇___________adj.迟疑的;踌躇的;犹豫不定的hesitanthesitatehesitation 2.________n.舒适;安慰vt.安慰___________adj.舒服的;舒适的_____________adj.不舒服的;不安的_____________adv.不舒服地;不安地;不自在地uncomfortablycomfortcomfortableuncomfortable 3.________n.音乐________adj.音乐的;与音乐有关的_________n.音乐家musicianmusicmusical4._____vt.抢劫;抢掠________n.抢劫犯;盗贼________n.抢劫(案),抢掠robberyrobrobber 5.________n.惊骇;惨状;令人怖的事物________adj.可怕的;恐怖的horriblehorror 6.__________n.机会;运气;大笔的钱__________adj.幸运的;侥幸的;吉祥的;带来好运的____________adj.不幸的;令人遗憾的____________adv.不幸地;令人遗憾地unfortunatelyfortunefortunateunfortunate (B)灵活运用1.Attheconcert,the________playedvarious________instrumentsproficiently.(music)1.第一空名词作主语;第二空形容词作定语。句意：“音乐会上,音乐家熟练地演奏着各种乐器。”musicianmusical 2.Toourdisappointment,theso-called_____________hotelturnedoutrather_______________.(comfort)2.第一空形容词作定语;第二空形容词作表语,由语境可知,表示“令人不舒服的”。3.The________inThursday’s_______unexpectedly_______nothing.(rob)3.句意：“星期四的抢劫案中抢劫犯竟然什么也没有抢到。”comfortableuncomfortablerobber(s)robberyrobbed 4.The________murdercaseinthe_______filmmadeusscreamedinhorror.(horror)4.第一空是形容词作定语;第二空是名词作定语,表示“恐怖片”。句意：“那部恐怖片中恐怖的谋杀案让我们惊恐地尖叫起来。”horriblehorror 5.He____________failedintheinterviewthoughhethoughthimselfalwaysafortunateboy.(fortune)5.副词作状语,表示“不幸地”。句意：“尽管他总是认为他是个幸运的人,但在那次面试中还是不幸地失败了。”unfortunately 1.___________________一般来说2._________________________结识;与…相见3.____________就…来说;从…角度4.____________再一次三、短语翻译oncemoregenerallyspeakingmakeone’sacquaintanceintermsof... 5.___________需要6.___________(声音、画面)逐渐模糊7._______________改变或冒充成……8.___________带或领……进来show...ininneedoffadeoutpass...offas... 9._______________________与……妥协10._____________抢夺某人的东西11._____________一把……;少量的……12._____________震惊;惊讶inamazementmakeacompromisewith…robsb.ofsth.ahandfulof… 四、课文回顾ElizaDoolittle,apoorflowergirlwhowasambitioustoimproveherself，came1_____thewestendofLondon.Shemadealivingsellingflowersinthestreets.Oneday,shemetwithProfessorHigginswhowas2___expertinphonetics,convincedthatthequalityofaperson’sEnglishdependedonhisorherpositioninsociety.froman ProfessorlaughedatEliza’sterribleEnglishandpromisedproudlythatonce3_______(teach)tospeakproperly，thegirlcouldpass4_______offinthreemonthsasaduchessatanambassador’sgardenparty.Elizathoughtthat5__wasachanceforhertochangeherlife.SoshewenttoHiggin’shouseandaskedhimtoteachherbut6___________(refuse).taughtherselfitwasrefused Atthattime,professor’sfriendColonelPickering,anofficerinthearmy，wasinterestedinthegirl’s7_______(educate).Hebetwiththeprofessor8____hemightnotteachElizasuccessfully，9_____madetheproudprofessoracceptEliza10__astudentanddecidedtoteachhernotonlypronunciationbutalsogrammar.educationthatwhichas 五、课文概要ThestoryhappenedinLondonin1914，whenone’ssocialstatuswasdeterminedbymoney，clothesandEnglish.However，HigginspromisedtoElizathathecouldturnherintoanupperclassLady. 1.mistakenadj.(见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的(wronginanopinionorjudgment)例句Iamafraidyouweremistakenaboutme.恐怕你误会我了。 bemistakenabout…误解……mistake…for…把……错当成……bymistake错误地；弄错makeamistake犯错搭配 运用根据汉语提示完成英文句子。⑴He___________________________________________(误解他看到的).⑵He________me____(误把我当作)mytwinbrother.wasmistakenaboutwhathesaw/whathehadseenmistookfor ⑶Hetookhiscolleague’smotorbike___________(弄错).⑷You__________________________________(本不应该犯同样的错误的).shouldn’thavemadethesamebymistakemistake 2.classifyvt.分类；编排；把……归类例句Thebooksinthelibraryareclassifiedaccordingtothesubject.图书馆的书按学科分类。 beclassifiedinto…被分类为……classifysb/sthassth将……划分为……classify…by/accordingto…根据……分类搭配 联想sortout分类派生classificationn.分类 运用根据汉语提示完成英文句子。⑴Onlyelevenoftheseaccidents________________(被划分为)major.⑵Thedocuments________________(被分成)fourgroups.⑶Weusually______typesofcharacter____(将……划分为)goodandbad.aswereclassifiedasareclassifiedintoclassify 3.remarkvt.评论;谈论n.言论；评论例句Hemadeanumberofruderemarksaboutherperformancehere.关于她表演，他在这里的作了许多无礼的评论。 makearemarkon就……发表意见makeafewremarks说几句话；作短评remarkon/upon…评论；议论；谈论搭配 运用根据汉语提示完成英文句子。⑴Itisrude________________________________(评论他人的外貌).⑵Hedidn’t______________________________________(对妻子的新衣服不作评论),whichmadeheralittleannoyed.makeanyremarkonhertoremarkon/uponothers’appearancewife’snewclothes 4.compromisevi.&n.妥协；折衷例句HeaskedmorethanIwaswillingtopay,sowecompromisedwitheachotheronaprice.他的要价超出了愿意付出的数目，因而我们就价钱问题做了折衷。 makeacompromisewith…与……妥协compromisewithsbonsth与某人就某事妥协bycompromise通过妥协reach/arriveat/workoutacompromise达成妥协搭配 运用根据汉语提示完成英文句子。⑴Talksarecontinuinginthehopethatthetwosideswill__________________________________(达成妥协).⑵Inmyview,it’swiseofyouto_____________________________________________(跟她妥协).acompromisewithher/compromisewithherreach/arriveat/workoutacompromisemake ⑶Wearenotpreparedto_____________________________(就安全标准达成妥协).⑷Thedisputebetweenthetwocountrieswassolved______________(互相让步).bycompromisecompromiseonsafetystandards 5.overlookvt.俯视；忽视；不理会例句Youhaveoverlookedseveralmistakesinthework.你忽略了工作中的几个错误。 overlook意为“忽略”，多指由于草率、放任或没有注意到而忽视某事。ignore指有意识地拒绝，不给予理睬，后面可以接sb.sth.，不跟不定式比较 运用根据汉语提示完成英文句子。⑴Thehouseonthehill__________________(俯瞰着山谷).⑵He_________________________________(没看出有个拼写错误)onthefirstpage.overlookedaspellingmistake/overlooksthevalleyerror 原句Agentlemanpassesandhesitatesforamoment.一位男士经过,犹豫了片刻。(B8P29)例句Theshockmadeherhesitateforamomentbutshequicklycametoherselfagain.这一打击使她踌躇片刻,但很快就又恢复正常了。6.hesitatevi.踌躇,犹豫 搭配hesitatetodosth.犹豫做某事;不愿做某事hesitateabout(doing)sth.在(做)某事上犹豫不决拓展withouthesitation毫不犹豫地 运用根据汉语意思完成英文句子。⑴我们要毫不犹豫地抓住任何可以学习和提高的机会。Wemust_____________________________________________________________________.andimprovementneverhesitatetograspanychance/opportunityofstudy ⑵也许我们都曾在继续上大学还是直接去就业的问题上有过犹豫不决。It’slikelythatallofus_______________________________________________________________________________.hesitatedaboutwhethertogotohaveevercollegeforfurtherstudyortofindajob 原句…theEnglishthatwillcondemnhertotheguttertotheendofherdays.你瞧那个姑娘,英语说得那样糟,命中注定要在贫民窟呆一辈子了。(B8P30)例句Hislazinesscondemnedhimtofailure.他的懒惰注定了他会失败。7.condemnvt.谴责;判刑,定罪;声讨;使……注定 搭配condemnsb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事而责怪某人condemnsb.to...判刑,使某人陷于…境地condemnsb.todosth.(判)罚某人做某事condemnsb./sth.as…谴责/指责某人/某事为…联想accusesb.ofsth.=chargesb.withsth.因某事指责/控告某人 运用填入一个适当的介词。⑴Thejudgecondemnedhim___threeyears’imprisonment___hisguilt.⑵Themanwascondemned__aliar___nevertellingthetruth.fortoforas 原句AndIcametoEnglandtomakeyouracquaintance.我也正是到英国来找你的。(B8P30)例句I’mgladtomakeyouracquaintance.很高兴认识你。8.acquaintancen.熟人;相识;了解;知道 搭配makeone’sacquaintance=maketheacquaintanceofsb.与某人相识;结识某人havesomeacquaintancewith…有点熟悉……;有点了解……havenoacquaintancewith…不熟悉……;不了解……onfirstacquaintance初次见面 提醒acquaintance作“熟悉,认识”讲时,为不可数名词;而作“熟悉的人”讲时,为可数名词。 运用根据汉语意思完成英文句子。⑴我是在北京大学学习时结识那几位教授的。ItwaswhenstudyinginPekingUniversitythatI_________________________________________.acquaintanceofseveralprofessorsmadethe ⑵如今我们不仅要懂些英语,而且还要精通它。Nownotonly__________________________________________,butalso____________.knowitwellshouldwehavesomeacquaintanceofEnglish 原句Generallyspeaking,peoplearemorepolitetothosewhotheythink…一般来说,人们对那些他们认为……的人更加礼貌。(B8P30)例句Generallyspeaking,girlsworkharderthanboys.一般来说,女生比男生更勤奋。9.generallyspeaking一般来说;一般而言 说明本短语为分词短语作状语,在句子中独立使用,没有逻辑主语。frankly/strictlyspeaking坦率/严格地说judgingfrom根据……判断联想 运用根据汉语意思完成英文句子。⑴一般来说,选专业比选大学更为重要。_________________,thechoiceofmajors_____________________________________________.Generallyspeakingismoreimportantthanthechoiceofuniversities ⑵一般来说,学习越勤奋,进步也就越快越大。⑵Generallyspeaking,theharderyouwork,therapiderandgreaterprogressyou’llmake 原句…thosewhotheythinkareofahighersocialclass.那些他们认为社会地位较高的人。(B8P30)例句Hiswordsareofconsiderableinfluenceonme.他的话对我影响很大。10.of+n.……的;……样的 说明介词短语“of+名词”在句子中常作表语、定语或补语,用来说明人或事物的性质或特征。“beof+抽象名词”相当于“be+该抽象名词的同根形容词”。常见的短语有：beofvalue/novalue=valuable/valuelessbeofhelp/nohelp=helpful/helplessbeofuse/nouse=useful/useless 运用⑴Asthesummervacationisdrawingnear,it’snecessarytomakeaplaninadvance.Withthesummervacation_________,it’s__________tomakeaplan______________.oftimeapproachingofnecessityahead ⑵重要的不是不犯错误,而是知错能改。Itis________________________________________that________________________.notnevermakingmistakesbutcorrectingthemimportance/mattersisof 原句Correctallthesesentencesintermsofgrammar,spelling,etc,sothatshecanusethemproperly.改正这些句子的语法,拼写等,以便她能正确使用。(B8P31)11.intermsof就……来说;从……的角度 例句Thinkofthenewproductintermsofenergyandresourcesitcanhelptosave.请从节省能量和资源的角度来评估这种新产品。 联想表示“就……来说;从……的角度”的常用短语还有：asfaras…isconcernedwithrespectto…in/withregardto… 运用根据汉语意思完成英文句子。⑴就学习效果而言,合作学习比独自学习优胜。____________________________,studyingingroupsissuperiortostudyingalone.Intermsoflearningeffeciency ⑵每个孩子应该根据自己的兴趣爱好来选择读书内容。Eachchildissupposedtoread__________________________________.intermsoftheirowntasteandchoice 12.showin领某人进来例句Wouldyoupleaseshowthemin?你可以把他们领进来吗？ showsbaround带领某人参观showoff炫耀showup出现showsbto/into…带某人到……搭配 运用请选用以上关于show的短语填空。⑴Beforeyoustarttowork,I’ll_____you________thefactory.⑵Canyou______Lily______thebathroom?to/intoshowaroundshow ⑶Sam__________,apologizingforbeinglate.⑷Ican_____myself___.⑸Helikes__________howwellhespeaksSpanish.showingoffshowedupshowin 原句WhatifIwas?如果我是又怎么样？(B836)例句Whatifyourideaturnsoutnotpracticalatall?要是结果你的想法完全不可行呢？1.Whatif…?如果……将会怎么样? 说明本句型相当于：“Whatwill/wouldhappenif…？如果(假如)……将会怎么样？”仿写根据汉语意思完成英文句子。⑴如果这个烟头引起了森林大火将会怎么样呢？___________________________________________athrowncigarettebutt?Whatifabigforestfirebrokeoutowingto/dueto ⑵要是还是有学生无视禁令继续违反校规呢？Whatifsomestudentsoverlook/ignore/turnablindeyetothebanandkeeponbreakingtheschoolregulations/rules. 2.suppose(that)…假设……;假如……;就当……原句SupposeyouhaveachancetohelpElizaimproveheruseoftheEnglishlanguage.假设你有机会帮助伊莉莎提高她运用英语的水平。(B8P31) 例句Supposeyougotthechancetobeinterviewed.假设你获得了参加面试的机会。说明suppose用来表示条件时,相当于if(假设)；也可表示一项提议或建议，意为让；……如何？。 仿写根据汉语意思完成英语句子。⑴现在假设你两星期后就要参加高考。请把你的学习计划写下来!Now______________________________________________________________._____________________Pleasewritedownyourstudyplan.supposeyou’regoingtoattendthecollegeentranceexaminationinacoupleofweeks ⑵我们明天去街上呼吁大家重视环保吧。Suppose____________________________________________________________________________.wegotothestreettocallonpeopletobeawareoftheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection. 3.everytime…每次……例句Youarewelcometocomebackeverytimeyouwantto.无论什么时候你想回来，我们都欢迎。 说明everytime作连词用，引导一个时间状语从句，类似的还有：themoment,theminute,directly,nexttime,thefirst(second,third…)time等。 仿写将下列中文句子翻译成英文。⑴第一次来南京时，他给我打了电话。⑵下次来时，你就会见到他。HecalledmethefirsttimehecametoNanjing.Nexttimeyoucome,you’llseehim. 1.我是在街上结识他的。1.ItwasinthestreetthatImadehisacquaintance.2.他说他急需用钱。2.Hesaidhewasbadlyinneedofmoney. 3.他的话让我很吃惊。Hiswordsleftme______________.4.一般来说,初次见面就向对方借钱不太好。________________,it’simpolitetoaskformoney___________________.onfirstacquaintanceinamazementGenerallyspeaking 5.在钱的方面,我并不宽裕。________________,I’mnotrichatall.6.我犹豫了,心想“要是他是个骗子怎么办呢？”I________,wondering___________________.Intermsofmoneyhesitatedwhatifhewasaliar 7.他接着说有个人冒充是他的一个朋友抢光了他所有的钱。Headdedthataman_______________afriendofhisand________________________.8.这让他沦落到今天这个地步。Itcondemnedhimtothispoint.passedhimselfoffasrobbedhimofallhismoney 9.他近乎乞求的眼神让我很不自在。Hisbeggingeyes____________________________.10.我给了他1000元。就当他没有骗我吧。10.Igavehim1000yuan.Ifonlyhehewasnotlying.mademeratheruncomfortable ItwasinthestreetthatImadehisacquaintanceandhesaidhewasbadlyinneedofmoney,whichleftmeinamazement.Generallyspeaking,it’simpolitetoaskformoneyonfirstacquaintance,andintermsofmoney,Iwasnotrichatall.合并： Thus,Ihesitated,wonderingwhatifhewasaliar,butheaddedthatamanpassedhimselfoffasafriendofhisandrobbedhimofallhismoney,whichcondemnedhimtothispoint.Hisbeggingeyesmademeratheruncomfortable,andIgavehim1000yuanintheend.Ifonlyhewasnotlying. 一、语法填空Suddenlyallthelightsonthatcrowdedundergroundtrainwentout.Thenitstoppedinthatdarktunnel.Wewaited.Weexpectedthelightstocomeonagain.1____nothinghappened.ThenIbegantosmell2___________.Peoplearoundmethenbegantocryoutinfear.“Thetrainisonfire!”theycried.1.与前句是转折关系。2.意思是闻到有某物(something)燃烧的味道。Butsomething Thewoman3_________(stand)nexttome4_________(sudden)fellonthefloor.Irealizedshewasovercomebythesmoke.ThenIsawflamesappearing.“Ifsomethingdoesnothappensoon,”Isaidto5_______,“I6____________(burn)alive!”3.因thewoman是stand是主动关系,用现在分词standing。4.修饰谓语fell,作状语,用副词。5.因saytooneself表示“自言自语,心里想”。6.因前面的条件句中用的是一般现在时,主句应当用一般将来时;又因I与burn是被动关系。standingsuddenlymyselfwillbeburnt ButasIstoodthereinthedarkinthatcrowdedburningtrain,Icouldseenowaytoescape.SoIcried,“God,ifitisnotmytimetodie,pleasehelpme!”Iheardanoise.Itwas7____myrighthandside.Iatoncebegantopushmywayforwardto8______thatnoisecamefrom.7.固定短语:onone’srighthandside在某人右手边。8.句意是“我立即开始朝传来声音的地方前进”,表示“……的地方”。onwhere FortwohoursIkeptwalkinginthatdarktraintunnel.AtlastIsawalight9___thedistance.“ThankGod!”Ithought.“Godmusthaveapurposeforsavingmy10____(live).Hemustwantmetohelpotherpeopleexperiencewhathecoulddoforthem.”9.固定短语：inthedistance在远处。10.名词作宾语。inlife 二、完形填空Whatareyoudoingaftergraduation?Whetheryourplansincludegoingtocollege,headingstraightfortheworkforce,ortakingayearoff,herearesomepracticaltipsto1yourselfforthejourney.1.A.turnB.makeC.prepareD.enjoyC根据句中的Whetheryourplans及搭配可知。prepare与plan是词语同现。 Whatareyoudoingaftergraduation?Whetheryourplansincludegoingtocollege,…Maybeyou’vedecidedthat2isn’tforyou—rightnow,anyway.Ifyouwanttojointheworkforce,opportunitiesareoutthereforpeoplewhodon’thave3.2.A.workB.collegeC.lifeD.money2.B根据上段中的includegoingtocollege可知。与college是原词复现。3.A.salaryB.knowledgeC.degreeD.position3.C没上大学自然是没有”学位(degree)”，但不能说没有知识(knowledge)。 Onepaththatsomegraduatestakeis4themilitaryoraservicecorps.Someretailorhospitalityindustry(服务业)organizations5trainingprogramstohighschoolgraduates.4.A.joiningB.attendingC.admittingD.serving4.A根据搭配，由宾语”themilitary”(=thearmy)可知用join。join与military是词语同现。5.A.provideB.employC.developD.offer5.D这些行业显然是给毕业生“提供(offer)”培训课程，再结合后面的“to”可知。 Checkoutthepossibilitiesincomputing,book-keepingandpayroll,orsales.6toyourschooladvisororafavoriteteacheraboutthejobmarketinyourarea.Findtheclassified7inthenewspaperanddosomeInternetresearch.6.A.AgreeB.TalkC.AttendD.Belong6.B指向学校的就业顾问或最喜爱的老师了解就业市场，当然是同他们谈论(talkto)。7.A.newsB.informationC.adsD.parts7.C既然是找工作，当然是看报纸上的“广告(ads)”了。ads与newspaper是词语同现。 Mostlargecompanies8theirjobopeningsontheirwebsites.Don’toverlook9.Mattstudiedindustrialengineeringincollege.8.A.listB.createC.inventD.hireA许多大公司将需要的职位”列举(list)”在网站上。9.A.abilitiesB.opportunitiesC.experiencesD.directionsB不要忽略“机会(opportunity)”。 Halfwaythroughthefirstyear,hedecidedthatschooljustwasn’tworkingout,althoughhestayedforthefullyear.Sohetransferredintoanapprenticeship(学徒身份)programto10anelectrician.10.A.turnB.fireC.trainD.becomeD根据句意,指“成为(become)”电工。 “Sometimesyoufeelthat11saysyouhavetogotocollege,12ifyou’reagoodstudent,andIwentthroughthat13inmyhead,”saysMatt.11.A.societyB.parentC.schoolD.everyone11.A指来自“社会(society)”的压力，要求你上大学。12.A.naturallyB.luckilyC.occasionallyD.especiallyD根据句意,这里表示递进或强调,故用especially。13.A.battleB.ideaC.discussionD.decisionA毕业后是上大学还是找工作这两种想法在头脑作斗争,故用battle。 “ButIknewIhadto14outwhatwasrightforme.AndnowthatIhave,Idon’tregretmy15atall.”14.A.takeB.setC.figureD.give14.C固定搭配,figureout意为“弄清”。15.A.mindB.choiceC.measureD.actionB根据上句中的Ihadto14outwhatwasright可推出。Matt不后悔自己的选择(choice)。 workforce劳动力payroll工资单 三、话题写作基础写作Tom是一名高中生,以下是他周末回家路上的情景。基本信息1.周五下午倾盆大雨,汤姆骑自行车回家途中撞倒一位老人； 2.汤姆惊讶地发现那位老人是自己小学的校长；3.校长不仅没有责备他,反而鼓励他上进；4.校长的话给Tom很大的影响,Tom决定好好学习将来做个有用的人。 基础写作ItwasonaFridayafternoonthatTomwasonhiswayhomewithoutanumbrella.Asitwaspouringwithrain,herodeabikesohurriedlythatanoldmanwasknockeddowninthestreetsuddenly.Atonce,Tomlookedatthemaninamazementwhenhefounditwashisheadmasterofprimaryschool. Notonlydidtheheadmasternotblamehim,buthealsoencouragedhimtobeambitioustoimprovehimself.WhattheheadmastersaidmadeagreatinfluenceonTom,andhewasdeterminedtostudyhardtobeausefulmaninthefuture. ThankYou!