Roman Jakobson Preliminaries to Speech Analysis

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2、2InvarianceandRedundantVariations1.3IdentificationofDistinctiveFeatures1.4InherentandProsodicDistinctiveFeatures1.5TheDistinctiveFeaturesComparedtoOtherSoundFeaturesIIATentativeSurveyoftheDistinctiveFeatures2.1PrefatoryAcousticalRemarks2.11PropertiesoftheSourceFunctionUtilize

3、dinLanguage2.111TypeofSource2.112NumberofSources2.113TransientEffects2.12TransferFunctionsUtilizedinLanguage2.121GeneralProperties2.122LocationofSource2.123ShapeoftheVocalTract2.13NeutralPositionoftheVocalTract2.14PhonemeBoundaries2.2FundamentalSourceFeatures2.21Vocalicvs.Non

4、-Vocalic2.22Consonantalvs.Non-Consonantal2.221VowelsandConsonants2.222Liquids2.223Glides2.224Production2.225Perception2.226Occurrence2.3SecondaryConsonantalFeatures2.31EnvelopeFeatures2.311Interruptedvs.Continuant2.3111Stimulus2.3112Production2.3113Perception2.3114Occurrence2

5、.3115DoubleStops2.312Checkedvs.Unchecked2.3121Stimulus2.3122Production2.3123Occurrence2.32Stridentvs.Mellow2.321Stimulus2.322Production2.323Perception2.324Occurrence2,33SupplementarySource:Voicedvs.Unvoiced2.331Stimulus2.332Production2.333Occurrence2.4ResonanceFeatures2.41Com

6、pactvs.Diffuse2.411Stimulus2.412Production2.413Perception2.414Occurrence2.42TonalityFeatures2.421Gravevs.Acute2.4211Stimulus2.4212Production2.422Flatvs.Plain2.4221Stimulus2.4222Production2.423Sharpvs.Plain2.4231Stimulus2.4232Production2.4233PerceptionofTonalityFeatures2.4234O

7、ccurrenceofTonalityFeatures2.4235ThePrimaryTonalityFeature2.4236TheSecondaryTonalityFeatures2.43Tensevs.Lax2.431Stimulus2.432Production2.433Perception2.434Occurrence2.44SupplementaryResonator:Nasalvs.Oral2.441Stimulus2.442Production2.443Occurrence2.5ConclusionAppendix:Analyti

8、cTranscriptionAddendaetCorrigendaFiguresReferencesSupplement:"Tensen