词汇学构词法FORMATION

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1、Chapter4WordinformationIITheexpansionofvocabularyinmodernEnglishdependschieflyonword-formation.Thereisavarietyofmeansbeingatworknow.Themostproductiveare:affixation,compoundingandconversion词缀法、复合法和转类法Andthereareminorprocessesofwordformation）次要申勾i司方〉去：blendi

2、ng,clipping,acronymy,back-formationandwordsfrompropername4.1Affixation词缀法4.1.1Prefixation前缀法Prefixationistheformationofnewwordsbyaddingprefixestostems.前缀V去是在词干上加前缀构词的一种方法。Weshallclassifyprefixesonasemanticbasisintoninegroups我们可从语义的角度把前缀分为九类。「negative”prefi

3、xes表示否定意义的前缀prefixesmeaningexamplesa-not,theconverseofamoral,apoliticaldis-disloyal,disobeyin-injusticeil-illegalir-irresistibleim-immaturenon・non-smoker,non-classicalunfair，unwilling2.<4reversativeorprivative”（“非”、“缺”）prefixes表示逆向意义的前缀prefixesmeaningexamp

4、lesde-reversingtheactiondecentralize,de-composedis-disunite,disallowunhorse,unwrap3.

5、义的前缀prefixesmeaningexamplesarch-supremearchbishopextra-superiorextra-stronghyper-extremehyperactivemacro-largemacrocosmmicro-smallmicrocomputermini-littlemini-electionout-surpassingoutliveover-excessiveoverweightsub-belowsubheadingsuper-morethansuperfreeze

6、sur-oversurtaxultra-extremeultra-conservativeunder-toolittleunderdeveloped2.Prefixesoforientationandattitude表示倾向和态度等意义的前缀prefixesmeaningexamplesanti-againstanti-nuclear,anti-government,anti-clockwisecontra・againstcontraflowcounter-againstcounterattackpro-f

7、orpro-student,pro-democracyco-withcooperate3."locative"prefixes表示方位意义的前缀prefixesmeaningexamplesextra-outextraordinary,extramaritalfore-frontforehead,forearminter-between,amonginter-city,interpersonal,internationalintra-insideintra-party,tele-distanttelecom

8、municationtrans-acrosstranscontinental,transplantsub-undersubway4.Prefixesoftimeandorder表示时间和顺序等意义的前缀prefixesmeaningexamplesex・formerprofessor,ex-presidentfore-beforeforetell,foreknowledge,foreseepost-afterpo