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1、ChaptertwounderstandingculturesandtheirvaluesAgenda1.tounderstandthedefinitionofculture2.toexplainthecategoriesofculture3.tounderstandthecharacteristicsofculture4.todiscussthedefinitionofvalue5.toexplaintheprioritiesofculturevalues6.Hotfstede-Bond’sValueDimensionsdefin
2、itionofcultureDiscuss我没有文化,我不认识汉字我文化水平不高，我欣赏不了这幅画definitionofculture1。Theartsandothermanifestationsofhumanintellectualachievementregardedcollectively.2.thecultureisdefinedasthecustoms,civilizations,andachievementsofaparticulartimeorpeople.3.culturemaybedefinedaswhataso
3、cietydoesandthinks.Languageisaparticularwayofthought.definitionofcultureCultureisthetotalaccumulationofbeliefs,customs,values,behaviors,institutionsandcommunicationpatternsthatareshared,learnedandpasseddownthroughthegenerationsinanidentifiablegroupofpeople.Commonfeatur
4、e1.man-made,sharedartifacts,behavioralpatterns,values2.distinguishhumanbeingsfromanimals.Categoriesofculture1.artifact(book,plane,computer,mobilephone,paper,etc)2.concept–beliefsorvalue(Buddism,freedom,democracy,etc)3.behavior—actualpracticeofconceptsCategoriesofCultur
5、e1.material(visible)2.system/institutions(visible)3.values(invisible)Characteristicsofculture1.cultureisnotinnate;itislearned2.cultureistransmittedfromgenerationtogeneration3.cultureisselective4.thefactsofcultureareinterrelated5.cultureisethnocentric6.cultureissubjectt
6、ochangeValueOne’sprinciplesorstandards,one’sjudgmentofwhatisvaluableorimportantinlifeAbroadtendencytoprefercertainstatesofaffairsoverothers.Aconception,explicitorimplicit,distinctiveofanindividualorcharacteristicofagroup,ofthedesirablewhichinfluencestheselectionfromava
7、ilablemodes,means,andendsofaction.Valueandculture1.valuesformthecoreofculture2.valuesarethedeepestmanifestationsofcultureandmostdifficulttounderstandbyanoutsider.Thelayersofculture(1)symbols(2)heroes(3)rituals(4)valuestypesofculturalvalues1.universialvalues2.cultural-s
8、pecificvalues3.peculiarexpressionordeviationsofindividualswithinculturesPrioritiesofculturalvalues1.groupharmony2.com
