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1、CommuniCationWearwww.advmat.deAchievingUltralowWearwithStableNanocrystallineMetalsJohnF.Curry,TomasF.Babuska,TimothyA.Furnish,PingLu,DavidP.Adams,AndrewB.Kustas,BrendanL.Nation,MichaelT.Dugger,MichaelChandross,BlytheG.Clark,BradL.Boyce,ChristopherA.Schuh,andNicolasArgibay*andcarbi
2、deswidelyusedinbearingsRecentworksuggeststhatthermallystablenanocrystallinityinmetalsisandcoatingssuchasSi3N4andWC,andachievableinseveralbinaryalloysbymodifyinggrainboundaryenergiesviaevensemiconductorslikeGaN.[11]Moresolutesegregation.Theremarkablethermalstabilityofthesealloyshas
3、beenrecently,ultralowwearhasbeenachievedinpolymernanocompositessuchasdemonstratedinrecentreports,withmanyalloysexhibitingnegligiblegrainPTFE–alumina.[12,13]Asamaterialclass,growthduringprolongedexposuretonear-meltingtemperatures.Pt–Au,metalshaveremainedanotableexceptionaproposedst
4、ablealloyconsistingoftwonoblemetals,isshowntoexhibittothislist.[12,14]Someofthesematerials,extraordinaryresistancetowear.Ultralowwearrates,lessthanamonolayerlikegraphiteandmetaldichalcogenides,ofmaterialremovedperslidingpass,aremeasuredforPt–Authinfilmsatdependontheformationofhigh
5、lyorderedamaximumHertzcontactstressofupto1.1GPa.Thisisthefirstinstancelowshearstrengthlamellarsurfacefilmstoachievelowfrictionandhighofanall-metallicmaterialexhibitingaspecificwearrateontheorderofwearresistance[9,15]andcanonlyaccom-10−9mm3N−1m−1,comparabletodiamond-likecarbon(DLC)
6、andsapphire.[16]plishthisinspecificenvironments.Remarkably,thewearrateofsapphireandsiliconnitrideprobesusedinFormetals,surfacemicrostructurewearexperimentsareeitherhigherorcomparabletothatofthePt–Aualloy,evolution—specificallyrefinement—hasdespitethesubstantiallyhigherhardnessofth
7、eceramicprobematerials.beenlinkedtoimprovedfrictionandwearresistance,[17–20]implyingthatalloyswithHigh-resolutionmicroscopyshowsnegligiblesurfacemicrostructuralgrainstructuresthatcanresistthermalevolutionintheweartracksafter100kslidingpasses.Mitigationoffatigue-andmechanicallydriv
8、engraingrowthdrivendelaminationen
