1、高中定语从句详细讲解一、定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why,that等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如：-- The man who is shaking hands w
2、ith my father is a policeman.在本句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man， ‘who’是引导定语从句的关系代词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。二、关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。--The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。--Those who want to go to the museum
3、must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。--Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。--That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 --Mr Liu is the person ( whom
4、) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。--Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。--The professor ( whom) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。--The girl (whom) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。
5、注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。--Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。--The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这
6、儿很远。--He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。--The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。--This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。--The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at
7、all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。4．That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。--The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。-11---Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？--The perso
8、n that /whom you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。--The season that /
