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1、ModelofgeneticvariationinhumansocialnetworksJamesH.Fowlera,1,ChristopherT.Dawesa,andNicholasA.ChristakisbaDepartmentofPoliticalScience,UniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,CA92093;andbDepartmentofHealthCarePolicy,HarvardMedicalSchool,andDepartmentofSociology,HarvardUniversity,Ca
2、mbridge,MA02138EditedbyColinF.Camerer,CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,Pasadena,CA,andacceptedbytheEditorialBoardNovember29,2008(receivedforreviewJuly15,2008)Socialnetworksexhibitstrikinglysystematicpatternsacrossawidesame-sexdizygotic(DZ)twinswhoshareonly50%onaverage.rangeo
3、fhumancontexts.AlthoughgeneticvariationaccountsforUndertheassumptionsofthetwinstudydesign,ifgeneticasignificantportionofthevariationinmanycomplexsocialvariationiscontributingtovariationinthetrait,thenMZtwinsbehaviors,theheritabilityofegocentricsocialnetworkattributesshouldbe
4、significantlymoresimilarthanDZtwins.Althoughisunknown.Here,weshowthat3oftheseattributes(in-degree,somescholarsobjecttotheassumptionsofthedesign(seeSI),transitivity,andcentrality)areheritable.Wethendevelopaithasbeenwidelyusedtoshowthatgenesplayarolein‘‘mirrornetwork’’methodt
5、otestextantnetworkmodelsandshowpersonality(16),intelligence(17–18),andseveralotherbehav-thatnoneaccountforobservedgeneticvariationinhumansocialioraltraits(14–15,19–23).Turkheimersuggestsasa‘‘firstlawnetworks.Weproposeanalternative‘‘AttractandIntroduce’’ofbehaviorgenetics’’t
6、hatallhumanbehavioraltraitsaremodelwithtwosimpleformsofheterogeneitythatgeneratesheritable(24).significantheritabilityandotherimportantnetworkfeatures.WeWeshouldthereforenotbesurprisedtolearnthatindividualshowthatthemodeliswellsuitedtorealsocialnetworksinsocialnetworkcharact
7、eristicshaveapartlygeneticbasis.How-humans.Theseresultssuggestthatnaturalselectionmayhaveever,aswewillshow,notallnetworkcharacteristicsaresignif-playedaroleintheevolutionofsocialnetworks.Theyalsosuggesticantlyheritable,and,morepertinently,specificestimatesofthatmodelingintr
8、insicvariationinnetworkattributesmaybeheritabilitycanprovideameanstotesttheoretica
