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1、SelectedReadingsinAmericanLiteratureUnit4NathanielHawthorne(1804—1864)contributiontoAmericanliteraturePushAmericanRomanticfictiontoitssummit.ampleuseofsymbolsinfictionWithPoe,hecreatespsycho-analyticRomanticfictioninAm.Lit.Poe—irrationalorabnormalpeople;Hawthorne—thehid
2、denevilsinhumanheart.TogetherwithAllenPoe,hecreatesmodernshortstorytheory.NathanielHawthorne(1804—1864)—Americannovelistandshort-storywriterPlaceofBirth:Salem,MassachusettsKnownFor:Usingsymbolismandallegorytoexplorethemesofsin,guilt,andpunishmentincolonialAmericaMilesto
3、nes:1825GraduatedfromBowdoinCollege1828Anonymouslypublishedhisfirstnovel,Fanshawe,athisownexpense1830sPublishednumerousshortstoriesandsketchesanonymouslyinperiodicals1837Publishedacollectionofhisshortstories,Twice-ToldTales,usinghisnameforthefirsttime.1841Stayedforlesst
4、hanayearatBrookFarm,acommunalsocietynearBoston.1842-1845GetmarriedandmovedintoahomecalledtheOldManseinConcord,Massachusetts.1846Publishedacollectionof25shortstories,titledMossesfromanOldManse,thatincludessomeofhisbest-knownstories.1846-1849WorkedinSalemassurveyoroftheSa
5、lemcustomhouse.Uponlosingthisjob,hebeganworkingonTheScarletLetter.1850TheScarletLetterwaspublished.Thebook,whichissetinthePuritansocietyofcolonialAmerica,explorestheconsequencesofsin.1851-1852PublishedthenovelTheHouseoftheSevenGables,andthefollowingyearpublishedTheBlith
6、edaleRomance,anovelinspiredbyhisexperienceatBrookFarm.1860PublishedthenovelTheMarbleFaun,usingmaterialhegatheredwhilelivinginItalyinthelate1850s.Hawthorne’sworksaredeeplyconcernedwiththeethicalproblemsofsin,punishment,andatonement.Hawthorne'sexplorationofthesethemeswasr
7、elatedtothesenseofguilthefeltabouttherolesofhisancestorsinthe17th-centurypersecutionofQuakersandinthe1692witchcrafttrialsofSalem,Massachusetts.RegardedashismasterpieceandasoneoftheclassicsofAmericanliterature,TheScarletLetterrevealsbothHawthorne'ssuperbcraftsmanshipandt
8、hepowerfulpsychologicalinsightwithwhichheprobedguiltandanxietyinthehumansoul.I.Biography1.Life1）Hewasborninapr
