因特网的起源

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1、Chapter2:TechnologyInfrastructure:TheInternetandtheWorldWideWebElectronicCommerceElectronicCommerce2ObjectivesInthischapter,youwilllearnabout:Theorigin,growth,andcurrentstructureoftheInternet因特网的起源、发展和结构Howpacket-switchednetworksarecombinedtoformtheInternet包交换网络HowInternetprotocolsandInte

2、rnetaddressingwork互联网协议ThehistoryanduseofmarkuplanguagesontheWeb标注语言ElectronicCommerce3Objectives(continued)HowHTMLtagsandlinksworkontheWorldWideWeb标签、超链接与WWWThedifferencesamonginternets,intranets,andextranets因特网、内部网与外部网Internet2andtheSemanticWeb第二代互联网与语义网络ElectronicCommerce4TheInternetan

3、dtheWorldWideWebComputernetwork计算机网络AnytechnologythatallowspeopletoconnectcomputerstoeachotherTheInternet因特网AlargesystemofinterconnectedcomputernetworksspanningtheglobeWorldWideWeb万维网AsubsetofcomputersontheInternet1946EniacThehistoryofComputerThehistoryofCommunicationTechnologyElectronicC

4、ommerce7OriginsoftheInternet因特网的起源Early1960sU.S.DepartmentofDefensefundedresearchtoexplorecreatingaworldwidenetworkIn1969DefenseDepartmentresearchersconnectedfourcomputersintoanetworkcalledARPANETThroughoutthe1970sand1980sAcademicresearchersconnectedtoARPANETandcontributedtoitstechnologic

5、aldevelopmentsIn1991,theNSF:EasedrestrictionsoncommercialInternetactivityBeganimplementingplanstoprivatizetheInternetElectronicCommerce8GrowthoftheInternetElectronicCommerce9EmergenceoftheWorldWideWeb万维网的兴起TheWebSoftwarethatrunsoncomputersconnectedtotheInternetHypertextserver:超文本服务器Stores

6、fileswritteninthehypertextmarkuplanguageLetsothercomputersconnecttoitandreadfilesHypertextMarkupLanguage(HTML)超文本标识语言Includesasetofcodes(ortags)attachedtotextElectronicCommerce10Packet-SwitchedNetworks包交换网络Localareanetwork(LAN)局域网NetworkofcomputerslocatedclosetogetherWideareanetworks(WANs

7、)广域网NetworksofcomputersconnectedovergreaterdistancesCircuit线路CombinationoftelephonelinesandclosedswitchesthatconnectthemtoeachotherCircuitswitching线路交换Centrallycontrolled,single-connectionmodelElectronicCommerce11Packet-SwitchedNetworks(continued)Packets数据包Filesande