Ch. 10 Social & Emotional Develop

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1、Social&EmotionalDevelopmentChapter10ProcessesinSocialBehavior-SocialBehaviorasOperantInteractions:Bert'sContingency:SeesErnie→"HiErnie"→E.smilesSd→R→S+r(SettingEvent=Walkingalong)Ernie'sContingency:"HiErnie“→Esmiles→BertSmilesSd→R→S+r(SettingEvent=Inagoodmood)TheFunctionofSocialBehaviorPhylogeni

2、cContributionstoSocialDevelopmentPhysicalCharacteristicsSocialReflexesFacialExpressionsReflexiveCryingNeonatalImitationOntogenicContributionsSocialBehaviorsReinforcementProximityAttentionAffectionObservationalLearningSocialReinforcementSecondaryReinforcersPairedwithPrimaryReinforcersProximityRei

3、nforcer-ThenearnessofyouAttentionMandforMomVerbalbehaviorreinforcedbymomdoingsomethingWaysofReducingMandsforAttentionWaysofReducingMandsforAttentionDRO–DifferentialReinforcementofOtherbehaviorIncompatibleresponsetechniqueStrengthensmoredesirablebehaviorDoesn’tproduceddeprivationofreinforcerPosit

4、ive(Presentation)Punishment–NotrecommendedEthical?EscapeNegativePunishment(ByLoss)(Weakifdelayed)LossofprivilegesTime-outAffectionUsuallyreinforcesdesirablebehaviorObservationalLearningTraditionalApproachedDistinctionbetweenLearningPerformanceDirectreinforcementaffectsperformanceVicariousconseq

5、uencesaffectlearningVicariousreinforcementVicariouspunishmentAnOperantApproachtoObservationalLearningGeneralizedimitationImitation(matchingformofresponse)aresponseclassClassassembledbecausesome(notall)matchingbehaviorsarereinforcedCounterimitation–reinforcedfordifferentbehaviorthanmodelSocalled“

6、vicariousreinforcement”isactuallyanSdcuingoperantmatchingbehaviorObservationalLearningofRespondents-EmotionalBehaviorOther’semotionalresponseservesasUCSforemotionalresponse(UCR)Stimulus(NS)pairedwithother’semotionalresponse(UCS)becomesCSproducingemotionalresponse(CR)ProsocialTransactions-Intuiti

7、veParenting1.Creatingandmaintaininganawakestate.2.Presentingasimplestructureofstimuliandlearningtrials.3.Providingalargenumberofrepetitionsoftrials.4.Graduallyorderingoftaskssothatthereisincreasingcomplexity.5.Usingadequater