【尼布尔】道德的人与不道德的社会

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1、MoralManandImmoralSociety:AStudyinEthicsandPoliticsbyReinholdNiebuhrPublishedin1932byCharlesScribner'sSons.ThismaterialwaspreparedforReligionOnlinebyTedandWinnieBrock.PDFbyANGEL(realnost-2005@yandex.ru)IntroductionTheinferiorityofthemoralityofgroupstot

2、hatofindividualsisdueinparttothedifficultyofestablishingarationalsocialforcewhichispowerfulenoughtocopewiththenaturalimpulsesbywhichsocietyachievesitscohesion;butinpartitismerelytherevelationofacollectiveegoism,compoundedoftheegoisticimpulsesofindividu

3、als,whichachieveamorevividexpressionandamorecumulativeeffectwhentheyareunitedinacommonimpulsethanwhentheyexpressthemselvesseparatelyanddiscreetly.Chapter1:ManandSociety:TheArtofLivingTogetherHistoryisalongtaleofabortiveeffortstowardthedesiredendofsocia

4、lcohesionandjusticeinwhichfailurewasusuallydueeithertotheefforttoeliminatethefactorofforceentirelyortoanunduerelianceuponit.Chapter2:TheRationalResourcesoftheIndividualforSocialLivingThetraditionsandsuperstitions,whichseemedtotheeighteenthcenturytobeth

5、everyrootofinjustice,havebeeneliminated,withoutcheckingtheconstantgrowthofsocialinjustice.Yetthemenoflearningpersistintheirhopethatmoreintelligencewillsolvethesocialproblem.Theymayviewpresentrealitiesquiterealistically;buttheyclingtotheirhopethatanadeq

6、uatepedagogicaltechniquewillfinallyproducethe"socialisedman"andthussolvetheproblemsofsociety.Chapter3:TheReligiousResourcesoftheIndividualforSocialLivingIftherecognitionofselfishnessisprerequisitetothemitigationofitsforceandthediminutionofitsantisocial

7、consequencesinsociety,religionshouldbeadominantinfluenceinthesocialisationofman;forreligionisfruitfulofthespiritofcontrition.Chapter3:TheReligiousResourcesoftheIndividualforSocialLivingIftherecognitionofselfishnessisprerequisitetothemitigationofitsforc

8、eandthediminutionofitsantisocialconsequencesinsociety,religionshouldbeadominantinfluenceinthesocialisationofman;forreligionisfruitfulofthespiritofcontrition.Chapter4:TheMoralityofNationsAdiscussionofthemoralcharacteristicsofanationandth