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1、Grammar定语定义:定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。充当定语的有:形容词、代词、名词、分词、介词短语或副词和从句。形容词作定语：Thelittleboyneedsabluepen.(little修饰名词boy；blue修饰名词pen.)小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔。Tomisahandsomeboy.汤姆是个英俊的男孩。Thereisagoodboy.数词作定语相当于形容词：Twoboysneedtwopens.两个男孩需要两支
2、钢笔。Thetwoboysarestudents.这两个男孩是学生。Therearetwoboysintheroom.房间里有两个男孩。代词或名词所有格作定语：HisboyneedsTom’spen.他的男孩需要汤姆的钢笔。HisnameisTom.他的名字是汤姆。介词短语作定语：Theboyintheclassroomneedsapenofyours.教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。TheboyinblueisTom.穿蓝色衣服的孩子是汤姆。Therearetwoboysof9,andthreeof10.
3、有两个9岁的，三个10岁的男孩。名词作定语：Theboyneedsaballpen.男孩需要一支圆珠笔。Itisaballpen.这是一支圆珠笔。Thereisonlyoneballpeninthepencilbox.这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。副词作定语：Theboythereneedsapen.那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。ThebestboyhereisTom.这里最棒的男孩是汤姆。不定式作定语：Theboytowritethisletterneedsapen.写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。Theboytow
4、ritethisletterisTom.将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆。Thereisnothingtodotoday.今天无事要做。分词(短语)作定语：Thesmilingboyneedsapenboughtbyhismother.那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。ThepenboughtbyherismadeinChina.她买的笔是中国产的。Therearefiveboysleft.有五个留下的男孩。TheAttributiveClause定语从句1.在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。2.定
5、语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。3.引导定语从句的连词叫关系代词或关系副词。关系代词:who,whom,whose,that,which,as关系副词:when,where,why如果先行词是指人,用who,whom,whose,that引导定语从句。如果先行词是指物,用that,which,whose引导。关系代词:who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人
6、,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.3.which指物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder(which)heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisth
7、elibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?注意:介词提前时只能用which而不能用that。4.that指人/物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?fromthatthat和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。(1)先行词为all,everythi
8、ng,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。Iamsureshehassomethingthatyoucanborrow.(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。Thisisthefirstbook(thathehasrea
