英语人教版八年级下册语法课.ppt

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Unit7What'sthehighestmountainintheworld? SectionA3Grammarfocus~4c Grammarfocus—What’sthehighestmountainintheworld?—Qomolangma.—HowhighisQomolangma?—It’s8,844.43metershigh.It’shigherthananyothermountain. —Whichisthedeepestsaltlakeintheworld?—TheCaspianSeaisthedeepestofallthesaltlakes.—DidyouknowthatChinaisoneoftheoldestcountriesintheworld?—Yes,Idid.It’smucholderthantheUS. 大多数形容词有三个级。1.原级:Structure:as...as...像..….一样e.g.TimisastallasTom.2.比较级(用于两者之间的比较):Structure：形容词比较级＋than...e.g.Thisboxisbiggerthanthatone.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 3.最高级(用于三者或三者以上的比较):Structure:the+形容词的最高级＋of/in...e.g.Tomistheheaviestinourclass.Heisthemostpopularinourschool. 规则变化1)一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词/副词比较级＋er，最高级＋est。如:clever—cleverer—cleverestfew—fewer—fewestsmall—smaller—smallest等。形容词、副词的比较级和最高级规则变化和不规则变化 2)以e结尾的词，比较级＋r，最高级＋st即可。如：nice—nicer—nicestcute—cuter—cutestlarge—larger—largest3)以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i＋er或est如:easy—easier—easiesthappy—happier—happiest再如：early,busy,heavy,dirty,lazy也如此。 4)重读闭音节，单辅音结尾的，双写这个辅音字母＋er或est的词：①fat—fatter—fattest②thin—thinner—thinnest③hot—hotter—hottest④red—redder—reddest⑤wet—wetter—wettest⑥big—bigger—biggest 5)多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词原级前＋more构成比较级，＋themost构成最高级。如：beautiful－morebeautiful－themostbeautiful又如:delicious,popular,important,interesting,expensive,creative双音节的词如:careful－morecareful－themostcarefuluseful－moreuseful－themostuseful 少数单音节词也是这样，如：pleased—morepleased—themostpleasedtired—moretired—themosttiredb)不规则变化：good—better—bestwell—better—bestbad—worse—worstmany/much—more—most far—farther—farthest(距离远)far—further—furthest(程度深)old—elder—eldest(长幼)old—older—oldest(年龄) 三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。例如：ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.Heworks(the)hardestinhisclass.最高级的用法 2.最高级可被序数词以及much，byfar，nearly，almost，bynomeans，notquite，notreally，nothinglike等词语所修饰。例如：Thishatisbyfar／much／nearly／almost／notnearly／bynomeans／notquite／nothinglikethebiggest.Howmuchdidthesecondmostexpensivehatcoat? 3.表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent，extreme，perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。4.形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略。e.g.Heisthetallest(boy)inhisclass.5.作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。e.g.Ofalltheboyshecame(the)earliest. 比较级考点①比较级修饰问题alittle,abit,even,still,much,alot,far等可修饰比较级。e.g.TomisalittletallerthanJim.Thisbookismuchmoreinterestingthanthatone.中考链接 ②同级比较e.g.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinXi’an.Ourschoolisbiggerthanyours.③the+比较级e.g.Lucyisthefatterofthetwogirls. ④“a/an+比较级” 表示“又一，再一”e.g.Lilyhasadoll,butshewantsabiggerone.⑤隐性比较（没有than的情况）e.g.Whorunsfaster,LucyorLily?You’dbettercomeearliernexttime.Heworkedhardlastterm,butheworksevenharderthisterm. ⑥越来越......比较级+and+比较级b.the+比较级+句子，the+比较级+句子e.g.It’sgettingcolderandcolder.Themoreyouexercise,thebetteryouare. 2.最高级考点说明：形容词的最高级前必须加the；副词的最高级前省略the。①范围问题e.g.Tomisthetalleststudentintheclass.Springisthebestseasonoftheyear. ②“......之一”问题e.g.Beijingisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.③“the+序数词+最高级”e.g.Ithinkheisthesecondtallestboyinhisclass. 3.比较级和最高级的转换e.g.Tomisthetalleststudentintheclass.=Tomistallerthananyotherstudentintheclass.=Tomistallerthanalltheotherstudentsintheclass.=NootherstudentsaretallerthanTom. 总结：①anyother+名词单数theother+名词复数②否定+比较级=最高级比较级+极限=最高级 同级比较①as+adj./adv.+ase.g.SheisasthinasLily.HewritesascarefullyasLinda.②not+as/so+adj./adv.+ase.g.Tonydidn’trunsofastasCarter. 1.Ourfamilyhasboughtacarsowecantravel_____thanbefore.（2008陕西）mosteasily  B.lesseasilyC.easily  D.moreeasily2.Myfathertoldmeastorylastnight.Itis____oneI’veeverheard.（2009陕西）thefunniest  B.funniestC.funnier  D.thefunnier学以致用DA 3.The_____friendsyouhave,the____youwillbe.（2010陕西）A.more,happy  B.many,happyC.more,happier  D.many,happier4.Whenheheardacryforhelp,heranoutas_______ashecould.（2011陕西）hardly    B.quicklyC.finally    D.slowlyCB 5.ThisplaceisnotbigenoughforLucy’sbirthdayparty.Weshouldfinda_____one.（2012陕西）big          B.smallC.bigger        D.smallerC Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.bigmuchpopularlongoldhigh1.TheAmazonRiverisoneofthe_______riversintheworld.It’salittle_______thantheYangtzeRiver.2.Qomolangmais8,844.43meters_____.It’soneofthemost________placesforseriousmountainclimbers.longestlongerhighpopular4a 3.Nooceanintheworldisas_____asthePacificOcean.4.AlthoughJapanis_______thanCanada,itis_______smaller.bigoldermuch太平洋n.大海；海洋 Writetwocomparisonsabouttwotopics.Writetruefacts.Tworivers:_________________and___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________e.g.4bTheYangtzeRiverisalmostaslongastheAmazonRiver.TheAmazonislongerthantheYangtze,buttheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina.theYangtzeRivertheAmazonRiver Twocities:___________and___________1._______________________________.2._______________________________.Twoanimals:___________and___________1._______________________________.2._______________________________. Writefivequestionsusingcomparisons.Thenaskyourpartneryourquestions.Writing1._________________________________2._________________________________3._________________________________4._________________________________5._________________________________e.g.4cWhatisthehighestbuildinginourcity? Exercises1.Sheis________than________.A.busier/usB.busier/weC.morebusy/usD.morebusy/we2.Janeis________thanBetty.A.lesstallerB.lesstallestC.lesstallD.notastall3.Chinais________countryintheworld.A.thethirdlargestB.thelargestthirdC.thethirdlargeD.athirdlargestBAA 4.—Whichis____seasoninBeijing?—Ithinkit’sautumn.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest5.—Whichis____,thesun,themoonortheearth?—Themoonis.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallestDD 6.IstudyEnglishas____asmybrother.A.hardB.harderC.hardest7.Whichis____,abicycleoracomputer?A.expensiveB.moreexpensiveC.themostexpensive8.TheYellowRiverisoneof______riversinChina.A.longB.longerC.thelongestABC Homework1.Tomemorizetheimportantphrasesandsentences.2.Tomakesomesentencesusingas…as,...times…than,lessthan,morethan