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1、非谓语动词错误例析【同步教学信息】英语中的非谓语动词是高考的语言重点，是历届高考试题中的必考内容，也是中学生在校学习英语的过程中深感棘手的难点。下面是学生经常出错的非谓语动词的一些例子。【典型例题】例1wittookhertwohoursfinishingherhomework.rittookhertwohourstofinishherhomework.例2witisnousetoregretwhathasbeendone.ritisnouseregrettingwhathasbeendone.分析:不定式,动名词均可以用作句子的主语.其区别不大,常可互换.但在某些句型中的
2、主语用动名词(例2),某些句型中主语永不定式(例1)都属于习惯用法,一般不宜互换。例3wmostofthestudentsenjoytoreadnovels.rmostofthestudentsenjoyreadingnovels.例4whealwaysrefusesdoingwhatheisunwillingto.rhealwaysrefusestodowhatheisunwillingto.分析:不定式,动名词均可以作宾语。但并非每个及物动词后都可以接不定式或者都能解动名词。要根据各个动词的搭配结构选定不定式活动名词。1.某些动词后既可以接不定式又可以接动名词,其意义差
3、别不大,可以互换。这类动词有:likelovehatedislikebeginstartcontinue等。例:shelikesplaying(toplay)chessinhersparetime.nobodycanbeartobelaughed(beinglaughed)atinpublic.2.某些及物动词后只能接不定式作宾语,不能接动名词作宾语如(例4)。这类动词有:hope,offer,help,expect,learn,demand,decide,refuse,ask,prepare,plan,choose,manage,pretend,fail,wish,agr
4、ee等。例:shepretended_____mewhenipassedby.(met89.34)a.nottoseeb.notseeingc.tonotseed.havingnotseen(a)weagreed____herebutsofarshehasn'tturnedupyet.(nmet95.19)a.learnb.tolearnc.learnedd.learning(b)3.某些及物动词后只能跟动名词作宾语,不能跟不定式作宾语如(例3)。这类动词有:mind,suggest,avoid,excuse,finish,allow,admit,resist,miss,e
5、njoy,consider,imagine,advise,permit,prevent,delay,appreciate,giveup,putoff,feellike,consiston,can'thelp等。iwouldappreciate_____backthisafternoon.(met92.18)a.youtocallb.youcallc.yourcallingd.you’recalling(c)peoplecouldn'thelp___thefoolishemperorintheprocession.(met83.20)a.laughatb.tolaughatc
6、.laughingatd.laughingon(c)thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed____.(met87.38)a.catchingb.tobecaughtc.beingcaughtd.tocatch(c)例5wnobodywasallowedsmokinghere.rnobodywasallowedtosmokehere.分析:某些动词如:allowpermitforbidadvisecontinue等后面必须接动名词作宾语，但也可以接不定式的复合宾语。本句为被动语态，后面的非谓语动词为不足语。charlesbabbageisgen
7、erallyconsidered____thefirstcomputer.(nmet93.34)a．toinventb.inventingc.tohaveinventedd.havinginvented(c)4.某些动词或词组后接动名词主动形式表被动意义。这类动词有：needwantrequirebeworth等。----whatdoyouthinkofthebook?(met89)----oh,excellent.it’sworth______asecondtime.a.toreadb.tobereadc.rea
