科技英语摘要Writing_Abstract&summary.ppt

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1、Lecture02AbstractWritingSummaryWriting1.AbstractwritingContentsDefinitionoftheabstractTypesoftheabstractEconomyofwordsHowtowritetheabstract:TheFormalizedStructureoftheabstract“5steps”ofwritingtheabstract“5-A”StrategyofwritingtheabstractAbstractIhavethestrongimpressionthatsc

2、ientificcommunicationisbeingseriouslyhinderedbypoorqualityabstractswritteninjargon-riddenmumbo-jumbo.—SheilaM.McNab(mumbo-jumbo[uncountable][informal]technicallanguagethatisdifficulttounderstandandseemstohavenosense)*abunchoflegalmumbo-jumboAbstractAdescriptivesummary[abstr

3、act]isatableofcontentsinparagraphform;itisageneralmapforreaders.—MichaelAlley1.Definitionoftheabstract(1)AnAbstractshouldbeviewedasaminiversionofthepaper.Theabstractshouldprovideabriefsummaryofeachofthemainsectionsofthepaper:Introduction,MaterialsandMethods,ResultsandDiscus

4、sion.Generallyspeaking,theabstractshouldnotexceed250words(100-200words)andshouldbedesignedtodefineclearlywhatisdealtwithinthepaper.1.Definitionoftheabstract(2)Theabstractshould:(1)statetheprincipalobjectivesandscopeoftheinvestigation,(2)describethemethodologyemployed,(3)sum

5、marizetheresults,and(4)statetheprincipalconclusion.1.Definitionoftheabstract(3)MostoftheAbstractsshouldbewritteninthepasttense,becauseitreferstoworkdone.Theabstractshouldnevergiveanyinformationorconclusionthatisnotstatedinthepaper.Referencestotheliteraturemustnotbecitedinth

6、eAbstract.2.Typesofabstracts(1)Informativeabstract(moredetailed,andmayincludequantitativedetails)信息性/报道性/资料性摘要Indicative/descriptiveabstract(briefandqualitative,indicatingwhatkindofresearchhasbeendone)指示性/说明性/描述性摘要Informative-indicativeabstract报道-指示性摘要2.Typesofabstracts(2)A

7、neffectivediscussionofthevarioususesandtypesofabstractswasprovidedbyMcGirr(1973),whoseconclusionsarewellworthrepeating:“Whenwritingtheabstract,rememberthatitwillbepublishedbyitself,andshouldbeself-contained.Thatis,itshouldcontainnobibliographic,figure,ortablereferences.”2.T

8、ypesofabstracts(3)Thelanguageshouldbefamiliartothepotentialreader.Omitobscureabbre