短文改错知识点总结.doc

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1、.短文改错知识点总结短文改错测试点一.语法主要测试动词时态和语态，非谓语动词和短语动词；名词.代词的各种形式，形容词和副词以及比较等级的用法；连词.冠词.介词；主谓一致；简单句.并列句和复合句，以及倒装.省略句等。二.是在行文逻辑方面，主要考查人物的性别及相应的物主代词或物的数量及相应的物主代词，句子的并列.递进.转折.因果关系；时间的先后顺序等.错误类型1.冠词的多用、少用和误用2.名词单复数的误用及近义词的混用3.代词指代不一致的错误或代词使用不当4.主谓不一致的错误5.动词的时态和语态的误用6.非谓语动词的误用7.形容词和副词的混用及其比较等级的误用8关联词和平行结构的误用9.

2、固定搭配，习惯用法与介词的误用10.冗词的多用设错方式一、动词形1.动词的时态和语态错误2.主、谓不一致的错误3.谓语与非谓语误用4.非谓语动词的误用动词置于句首•首先看有没有并列连词and/or/otherwise,有就考虑是祈使句•没有，就考虑非谓语动词•再看有没有(,)，有就考虑分词作状语，没有就考虑动名词/不定式作主语例Reviewwhathappenedinthepasthelpsmesucceedinthefuture.Reviewing常接不定式的形容词•begladtodo•beeagertodo•beanxiousto•bereadytodo及物动词后有by，in，

3、with，to•先辨是谓语还是非谓语，考虑被动语态和过去分词•belocated/situatedin位于•beabsorbedin被…吸引/专心于..•beinvolvedin参与/牵涉到/专心于•belostin沉迷于•bemixedwith与…混合•becoveredwith为…覆盖•belinedwith排列•besurroundedwith环绕•befacedwith面临•becombinedwith联合•beconnectedwith联系•becomparedto/with与…相比•beaddictedto沉迷于•berelatedto与…有关系无被动语态的动词•不及物动

4、词没被动语态，不接宾语，非谓语动词常用ing•happen/takeplace/occur•lie/exist•datefrom/backto•belongto•consistof•die•sound/look/feel/taste/smell练习^1.ImovedbytheirencouragingwordsandIstudiedevenharder.was2.Facingwithmanyproblems,thenewgovernmentishavingahardtime.Facted3.Buryinhiswork,Tomdidn’tnoticemeentertheroom.Bur

5、ied4.Locatinginabeautifulandquietneighborhood,ourlargefully-equippedLocatedapartmentmeetsalltheirneeds.5.Weweredrivinginthecountrywhenthecarstopworking.stopped6.Mary,aswellashersistersstudyChineseinChina.studies7.IsawtheboysplayedgamesonthebankofthelakewhenIpassed.playing8.Iparticularlyenjoyedd

6、rivingthroughthecountrysidewithyouandsawtheseeingchangingcolorsoftheleavesonthetrees.^9.Whyyouthinksomanypeoplestillsufferfrompovertynow?do主谓一致^^..•动名词/不定式/主语从句作主语•many/manya•Thenumberof与Anumberof•some/therest/分数/百分数+n•notonly…butalso/either…or/neither…nor只能使用过去时的时间状语•lastweek/year/night•justno

7、w•theotherday•inthepast•yesterday例LastSaturday,ourschoolhadorganizedalloftheSeniorIstudentstovisitthechildrenatalocalorphanage二、名词数•可数与不可数、单复数错用•名词的格的误用•前后修饰语的误用•名词前冠词的误用不可数名词前的修饰语•只能接不可数：little,much,agreatdealof,agreat/largeamoun