2011上海高考英语试题及答案.doc

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2011年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷第I卷(105分)I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA;youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Atatrainstation.B.Atanairport.C.Atatravelagency.D.Atabusstation.2.A.$5.B.$10.C.$15.D.$50.3.A.Receptionistandguest.B.Salespersonandcustomer.C.Doctorandpatient.D.Waiteranddiner.4.A.Excited.B.Dissatisfied.C.Bored.D.Exhausted.5.A.Herhairhaschanged.B.Sheisn’tsatisfiedwithherhairstyle.C.Shepreferstowearlonghair.D.Themanhaschangedhishairstyle.6.A.ItistooearlytowatchtheTalentShow.B.Hewillgotobedinfiveminutes.C.HewouldratherwatchTVthangotobed.D.Heisoldenoughtostayup.7.A.Shehasgoteverythingready.B.Sheneverhesitatesoverwhattotake.C.Shehatespackingbyherself.D.Sheneedsmoretimeforpacking.8.A.TheyshouldwaitforJohnforawhile.B.Theyshouldstayhereforthenight.C.Theyshouldstartthemeetingrightaway.D.TheyshouldcallJohnatonce.9.A.Sheisunwillingtomoveintoanewflat.B.Herneighborsgetalongwellwithher.C.Shecan’ttellthemanwhysheismoving.D.HerneighborsusuallyplaytheirTVloud.10.A.Askfordirections.B.Tryadifferentroute.C.Gobackforthemap.D.Canceltheirtrip.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedtoquestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbetheblestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Apoliticalsystem.B.Religion.C.Workinglanguage.D.Race.12.A.Discusscurrentissues.B.Joininawritingcompetition.C.Attendanartsandcraftscompetition.D.Celebratetheirfriendship.13.A.TheCommonwealthGames.B.Animportantholiday.C.TheCommonwealthmembers.D.Aninternationalassociation.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingnews. 1.A.Equippingstudentswithknowledge.B.Qualifyingstudentsforcertainjobs.C.Developingstudents’habitsofmind.D.Helpingstudentstogotograduateschool.2.A.Theabilitytohavecriticalanalysis.B.Creativeuseofleisuretime.[来C.Logicaluseofinformation.D.Willingnesstoacceptuncertainty.3.A.Goalstoreachinacollegeeducation.B.Rolesofknowledgeinstudents’growth.C.Qualificationsneededforajob.D.Importanceofafter-classactivities.SectionCDirections:InSectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteONEWORDforeachanswer.ComplaintFormCaller:MaryWhitePhoneNo.:17.LocationofProblem:A18restaurant,449ShanghaiStreetDetails:Itdumpsits19onthestreet.Itdoesn’tputbottlesandcansin20bins.Blanks21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Howlongdoesshortmemorylast?Itlastsonly21.Whatisanexampleofmediumtermmemory?Buyingbread,asortof22ofthingstodo.Whatislongtermmemoryconcernedwith?23thathappeninyourlifesuchasyourwedding.Howislongtermmemorydifferentfromtheothers?It24.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.25.Graduationisagoodtimetothankthosewhohavehelpedyou______thetoughyears.A.throughB.upC.withD.from26.Tostayawake,hefinishedacupofcoffeeandordered______.A.theotherB.otherC.theothersD.another27.It’snouse______withouttakingaction.A.complainB.complainingC.beingcomplainedD.tobecomplained28.I______worryaboutmyweekend—Ialwayshavemyplansreadybeforeitcomes.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.daren’tD.needn’t29.WhenMomlookedbackontheearlydaysoftheirmarriage,shewonderedhowtheyhadmanagedwith______money.A.sofewB.suchfewC.solittleD.suchlittle30.Itdoesn’tmatteriftheywanttocometoyourparty,______? A.doesn’titB.doesitC.don’ttheyD.dothey25.Aftergettinglostinastorm,amemberofthenavyteam______fourdayslater.A.rescuedB.wasrescuedC.hasrescuedD.hadbeenrescued26.Therarefish,______fromthecookingpot,hasbeenreturnedtothesea.A.savedB.savingC.tobesavedD.havingsaved27.AtonepointImadeupmymindtotalktoUncleSam.ThenIchangedmymind,______thathecoulddonothingtohelp.A.torealizeB.realizedC.realizingD.beingrealized28.Didyoupredictthatmanystudents______upforthedancecompetition?A.wouldsignB.signedC.havesignedD.hadsigned29.Thereisclearevidence______themostdifficultfeelingofalltointerpretisbodilypain.A.whatB.ifC.howD.that30.Ifalotofpeoplesayafilmisnotgood,Iwon’tbothertoseeit,orI’llwait______itcomesoutonDVD.A.whetherB.afterC.thoughD.until31.Thepoliceofficersinourcityworkhard______therestofuscanliveasafelife.A.incaseB.asifC.inorderthatD.onlyif32.Themessageyouintendtoconveythroughwordsmaybetheexactoppositeof______othersactuallyunderstand.A.whyB.thatC.whichD.what33.You’llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation______youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.as34.Todaywehavechatrooms,textmessaging,emailing…butweseem______theartofcommunicatingface-to-face.A.losingB.tobelosingC.tobelostD.havinglost SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.launchedB.unpleasantC.applyingD.technicallyE.impactF.coatingG.fixedH.miraculouslyI.superiorJ.advancesHowwouldyouliketowearthesameunderwear(内衣裤)forweeks?Owingtotheworkthathasgoneintodevelopingintelligentmaterials,thismaynotbeas41asitsounds.Self-cleaningclotheshavenowbeencreated,andthesenewmaterialsprovide42resistancetodirtaswellaswater.Asaresult,theyrequiremuchlesscleaningthantraditionalmaterials.Thecreationofself-cleaningclothesprovidesanexampleofhownaturehelpsscientistsdevelopbetterproducts.Thisself-cleaningnatureisknownasthe“lotuseffect”.Thenamecomes,ofcourse,fromthelotusleaves,whicharefamousforgrowinginmuddylakesandriverswhileremainingalmost43clean.Byobservingnature,scientistsare44thequalitiesofthelotusleavestothematerialstheyhaveengineered.Becauseofthis,someremarkablenewproductshavebeen45.Amongthemarespecialwindowsthatareresistanttodirtandwater.Aspecial46onthesewindowsnotonlypreventsdirtfromstickingtotheirsurfaces,butalsoallowsdusttobeeasilywashedoffbytherain.Infact,thesenewwindowshavealreadybeen47tosomecars.Evenwhentraveling athighspeedthroughrain,thesecarsneverhavetousetheirwindshieldwipers(雨刮器).Althoughwehavealreadyseensomepracticalapplications,evenmoredramatic48willbemadeinthefuture,andtheywill,perhaps,changeourworldcompletely.Undoubtedly,technologyisanimportantdevelopment,anditwillhaveanevenbigger49onourlives.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Everyoneinbusinesshasbeentoldthatsuccessisallaboutattractingandretaining(留住)customers.Itsoundssimpleandachievable.But,50,wordsofwisdomaresoonforgotten.Oncecompanieshaveattractedcustomerstheyoften51thesecondhalfofthestory.Intheexcitementofbeatingoffthecompetition,negotiatingprices,securingorders,anddeliveringtheproduct,managerstendtobecomecarriedaway.Theyforgetwhattheyregardastheboringsideofbusiness—52thatthecustomerremainsacustomer.53toconcentrateonretainingaswellasattractingcustomerscostsbusinesshugeamountsofmoneyannually.Ithasbeenestimatedthattheaveragecompanylosesbetween10and30percentofitscustomerseveryyears.Inconstantlychanging54,thisisnotsurprising.Whatissurprisingisthefactthatfewcompanieshaveanyideahowmanycustomerstheyhavelost.Onlynowareorganizationsbeginningtowakeuptothoselostopportunitiesandcalculatethe55implications.Cuttingdownthenumberofcustomersacompanylosescanmakeabig56initsperformance.ResearchintheUSfoundthatafivepercentdecreaseinthenumberofdefecting(流失的)customersledto57increasesofbetween25and85percent.IntheUS,Domino’sPizzaestimatesthataregularcustomerisworthmorethan$5,000overtenyears.Acustomerwhoreceivesapoorqualityproductorserviceontheirfirstvisitand58neverreturns,islosingthecompanythousandsofdollarsin59profits(moreifyouconsiderhowmanypeopletheyarelikelytotellabouttheirbadexperience).Thelogicbehindcultivatingcustomer60isimpossibletodeny.“Inpracticemostcompanies’marketingeffortisfocusedongettingcustomers,withlittleattentionpaidto61them”,saysAdrianPayneofCornfieldUniversity’SchoolofManagement.“Researchsuggeststhatthereisacloserelationshipbetweenretainingcustomersandmakingprofits.62customerstendtobuymore,arepredictableandusuallycostlesstoservicethannewcustomers.Furthermore,theytendtobelessprice63,andmayprovidefreeword-of-mouthadvertising.Retainingcustomersalsomakesit64forcompetitorstoenteramarketorincreasetheirshareofamarket.50.A.inparticularB.inrealityC.atleastD.firstofall51.A.emphasizeB.doubtC.overlookD.believe52.A.denyingB.ensuringC.arguingD.proving53.A.MovingB.HopingC.StartingD.Failing54.A.marketsB.tastesC.pricesD.expenses55.A.cultureB.socialC.financialD.economical56.A.promiseB.planC.mistakeD.difference 50.A.costB.opportunityC.profitD.budget51.A.asaresultB.onthewholeC.inconclusionD.onthecontrary52.A.hugeB.potentialC.extraD.reasonable53.A.beliefsB.loyaltyC.habitsD.interest54.A.alteringB.understandingC.keepingD.attracting55.A.AssumedB.RespectedC.EstablishedD.Unexpected56.A.agreeableB.flexibleC.friendlyD.sensitive57.A.unfairB.difficultC.essentialD.convenientSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.ATheteacherwhodidthemosttoencouragemewas,asithappened,myaunt.ShewasMyrtleC.Manigault,thewifeofmymother’sbrotherBill.Shetaughtinsecondgradeatall-blackSummerSchoolinCamden,NewJersey.Duringmychildhoodandyouth,AuntMyrtleencouragedmetodevelopeveryaspectofmypotential,withoutregardforwhatwasconsideredpracticalorpossibleforblackfemales.Ilikedtosing;shelistenedtomyvoiceandpronounceditgood.Icouldn’tdance;shetaughtmethebasicdancingsteps.Shetookmetothetheatrenotjustchildren’stheatrebutadultcomediesanddramas—andherfaiththatIcouldappreciateadultplayswasnotdisappointed.Myauntalsotookdownbooksfromherextensivelibraryandsharedthemwithme.Ihadbooksathome,buttheywereallseriousclassics.EvenasachildIhadastronglikingforhumor,andI’llneverforgetthejoyofdiscoveringDonMarquis’sArchy&Mehitabelthroughher.Mostimportant,perhaps,AuntMyrtleprovidedmyfirstopportunitytowriteforpublication.Awriterherselfforoneoftheblacknewspapers,shesuggestedmynametotheeditorasa“youthcolumnist”.Mycolumn,begunwhenIwasfourteen,wassupposedtocoverteenagesocialactivities—anditdid—butitalsogavemethefreedomtowriteonmanyothersubjectsaswellasthehabitofgatheringmaterial,thedisciplineofmeetingdeadlines,and,aftergraduationfromcollegesixyearslater,asolidcollectionofpublishedmaterialthatcarriedmynameandwasmypassporttoaseriesofwritingjobs.TodayAuntMyrtleisstillanenthusiasticsupporterofher“favouriteniece”.Likeadiamond,shehasreflectedabright,multifaceted(多面的)imageofpossibilitiestoeverypupilwhohascrossedherpath.58.WhichofthefollowingdidAuntMyrtledototheauthorduringherchildhoodandyouth?A.Shelenthersomeseriousclassics.B.Shecultivatedhertasteformusic.C.Shediscoveredhertalentfordancing.D.Sheintroducedhertoadultplays.59.WhatdoesArchyandMehitabelinParagraph3probablyreferto?A.Abookofgreatfun.B.Awriterofhighfame.C.Aseriousmasterpiece.D.Aheartbreakingplay.60.AuntMyrtlerecommendedtheauthortoanewspapereditormainlyto______.[来A.develophercapabilitiesforwritingB.giveherachancetocollectmaterialC.involveherinteenagesocialactivitiesD.offerheraseriesofwritingjobs61.WecanconcludefromthepassagethatAuntMyrtlewasateacherwho______. A.trainedpupilstobediligentandwell-disciplinedB.gavepupilsconfidenceinexploitingtheirpotentialC.emphasizedwhatwaspracticalorpossibleforpupils.D.helpedpupilsovercomedifficultiesinlearningBHumpbackwhalesHumpbackwhalesaresometimescalledperformersoftheocean.Thisisbecausetheycanmakeimpressivemovementswhentheydive.Thename“humpback”,whichisthecommonnameforthiswhale,referstothetypicalcurveshapethewhale’sbackformsasitdives.[来Sometimesthehumpbackwilldivewithafantasticmovement,knownasabreach.Duringbreachingthewhaleusesitspowerfultailflukestoliftnearlytwo-thirdsofitsbodyoutofthewaterinagiantleap.Abreachmightalsoincludeasidewaystwistwithfinsstretchedoutlikewings,asthewhalereachestheheightofthebreach.Ahumpbackwhalebreathesairatthesurfaceofthewaterthroughtwoblowholeswhicharelocatednearthetopofthehead.Itblowsadoublestreamofwaterthatcanriseupto4metersabovethewater.Thehumpbackhasasmalldorsalfinlocatedtowardsthetailflukesabouttwo-thirdsofthewaydownitsback.Otherdistinguishingfeaturesincludelargepectoralfins,whichmaybeuptoathirdofthebodylength,anduniqueblackandwhitespotsontheundersideofthetailflukes.Thesemarkingsarelikefingerprints:notwoarethesame.Humpbackwhalesliveinlargegroups.Theycommunicatewitheachotherthroughcomplex“songs”.QuickFacts[Size:14m~18minlength30~50tonsinweightLivingOpenoceanandshallowcoastlinewatersEnvironment:Fromwarmtropical(热带的)waters,wheretheybreed,tocoldpolarwaters,wheretheyeat.Diet:Shellfish,plantsandfishofsmallsizeHunting:Sometimesingroups,inwhichseveralwhalesformacircleunderthewater,blowingbubblesthatforma“net”aroundaschooloffish.Thefisharethenforceduptothesurfaceinaconcentratedmass.Currentstate:endangered;itisestimatedthatthereareabout5000~7000humpbackwhalesworldwide.50.AccordingtoQuickFacts,ahumpbackwhale______.A.cannotsurviveinwatersneartheshoreB.doesn’tliveinthesamewatersallthetimeC.livesmainlyonunderwaterplantsD.preferstoworkalonewhenhuntingfood 50.Tomakeabreach,ahumpbackwhalemust______.A.useitstailflukestoleapoutofthewaterB.twistitsbodysidewaystojumphigh.C.blowtwostreamsofwaterD.communicatewithagroupofhumpbacks.51.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthatahumpbackwhale______.A.hasitsuniquemarkingsonittailflukesB.hasblackandwhitefingerprintsC.getsitsnamefromthewayithuntsD.isagreatperformerduetoitssongsCHumanremainsofancientsettlementswillbereburiedandlosttoscienceunderalawthatthreatensresearchintothehistoryofhumansinBritain,agroupofleadingarcheologists(考古学家)says.Inaletteraddressedtothejusticesecretary,KenClarke,40archaeologistswriteoftheir“deepandwidespreadconcern”abouttheissue.ItcentersonthelawintroducedbytheMinistryofJusticein2008whichrequiresallhumanremainsunearthedinEnglandandWalestobereburiedwithintwoyears,regardlessoftheirage.Thedecisionmeansscientistshavetoolittletimetostudybonesandotherhumanremainsofnationalandculturalsignificance.“Yourcurrentrequirementthatallarchaeologicallyunearthedhumanremainsshouldbereburied,whetherafterastandardperiodoftwoyearsorafurtherspecialextension,iscontrarytobasicprinciplesofarchaeologicalandscientificresearchandofmuseumpractice,”theywrite.Thelawappliestoanypiecesofboneuncoveredataround400digsites,includingtheremainsof60orsobodiesfoundatStonehengein2008thatdatebackto3,000BC.Archaeologistshavebeengrantedatemporaryextensiontogivethemmoretime,buteventuallytheboneswillhavetobereturnedtotheground.ThearrangementsmayresultinthewasteoffuturediscoveriesatsitessuchasHappisburghinNorfolk,wherediggingiscontinuingafterthediscoveryofstonetoolsmadebyearlyhumans950,000yearsago.IfhumanremainswerefoundatHappisburgh,theywouldbetheoldestinnorthernEuropeandthefirstindicationofwhatthisspecieswas.Underthecurrentpracticeofthelawthoseremainswouldhavetobereburiedandeffectivelydestroyed.Before2008,guidelinesallowedfortheproperpreservationandstudyofbonesofsufficientageandhistoricalinterest,whiletheBurialAct1857appliedtomorerecentremains.TheMinistryofJusticeassuredarchaeologiststwoyearsagothatthelawwastemporary,buthassofarfailedtoreviseit.MikeParkerPearson,anarchaeologistatSheffieldUniversity,said:“Archaeologistshavebeenextremelypatientbecausewewereledtobelievetheministrywassortingoutthisproblem,butwefeelthatwecannotwaitanylonger.”Theministryhasnoguidelinesonwhereorhowremainsshouldbereburied,oronwhatrecordsshouldbekept.52.Accordingtothepassage,scientistsareunhappywiththelawmainlybecause______.A.itisonlyatemporarymeasureonthehumanremainsB.itisunreasonableandthusdestructivetoscientificresearchC.itwasintroducedbythegovernmentwithouttheirknowledgeD.itisvagueaboutwhereandhowtoreburyhumanremains53.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Temporaryextensionoftwoyearswillguaranteescientistsenoughtime.B.HumanremainsoftheoldestspeciesweredugoutatHappisburgh.C.Humanremainswillhavetobereburieddespitetheextensionoftime. D.Scientistshavebeenwarnedthatthelawcanhardlybechanged.50.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheBritishlawgoverninghumanremains?A.TheMinistryofJusticedidnotintendittoprotecthumanremains.B.TheBurialAct1857onlyappliedtoremainsuncoveredbefore1857.C.Thelawonhumanremainshasn’tchangedinrecentdecades.D.TheMinistryofJusticehasnotdoneenoughaboutthelaw.51.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Newdiscoveriesshouldbereburied,thegovernmentdemands.B.Researchtimeshouldbeextended,scientistsrequire.C.Lawonhumanremainsneedsthoroughdiscussion,authoritiessay.D.Lawcouldburyancientsecretsforever,archeologistswarn.SectionCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandchoosethemostsuitableheadingfromA-Fforeachparagraph.Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudonotneed.A.ManufacturingindustryininformationeconomyB.NewsintheageofinformationC.ArgumentaboutindividualaccountsandtheirreliabilityD.BeyourowninvestigativejournalistE.Don’tbelieveeverythingyoureadinthenewspapers.F.Informationispresentedinanentertainingway.52.______Withthearrivaloftheageof“informationeconomy”,intellectualworkisbecomingamoreimportantsourceofwealththanmanufacturing.Organizationsinallwalksoflifearedoingmoretospreadtheirinformation.SopeopleofthePublicRelationsarehiredtospeakforthem.Alotofournewsisactuallycollectedfrompressreleasesandreportsofeventsintentionallystagedforjournalists.Intheinformationage,journalistsspendtheirtime,notinvestigating,butpassingonthewordsofaspokesperson.53.______ThereisajokeinthenovelScoopaboutthenewspaper’sowner,LordCopper.Theeditorscanneverdisagreewithhim.Whenhe’srightaboutsomethingtheyanswer“definitely”,andwhenhe’swrongtheysay“tosomeextent,LordCopper.”Itseemsreasonabletosupposethat,intherealworld,theopinionsofsuchpowerfulpeoplestillinfluencethejournalistsandeditorswhoworkforthem.54.______Incountrieswherethenewsisnotofficiallycontrolled,itmaybeprovidedbycommercialorganizationswhodependonadvertising.Thenewshastoattractviewersandmaintainitsaudienceratings.Isuspectthatsomestoriesgetair-timejustbecausetherehappentobeexcitingpicturestoshow.InBritain,wehavethetabloidnewspaperswhichmillionsofpeoplereadsimplyforentertainment.Thereisprogressivelylessroomforhistoricalbackground,orstatistics,whicharehardertopresentasasensationalstory.55.______Thereisanargumentthatwithspreadingaccesstotheinternetandcheaptechnologyforrecordingsoundandimageswewillallbeabletofindexactlytheinformationwewant.People aroundtheworldwillbeabletopublishtheirowneye-witnessaccountsandcompetewiththewidely-acceptednews-gatherersonequalterms.Butwhatitwillmeanalsoisthatwe’llbesubjectedtoastillgreateramountofnonsenseandlies.Anyweblogmaycontainthelatestinformationoftheyear,orequally,amade-upstorythatyouwillneverbeabletocheck.50.______Maybethetimehascometodosomethingaboutit,andIdon’tjustmeanchangingyourchoiceofTVchannelornewspaper.Inaworldwhereeveryonewantsyoutolistentotheirversion,youonlyhavetwochoices:switchoffaltogetherorstartlookingforsourcesyoucantrust.Theinvestigativejournalistofthefutureiseveryonewhowantstoknowthetruth.SectionDDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.Sociologistshavelongrecognisedthatorganisationsoflessthan200individualscanoperatethroughthefreeflowofinformationamongthemembers.Oncetheirsizegoesbeyondthisfigure,theorganizationsaregettinglessflexible.Soitseemsnecessarytopreventtotaldisorderresultingfromfailuresofcommunication.Onesolutiontothisproblemwould,ofcourse,betostructurelargeorganisationsintosmallerunitsofasizethatcanactasagroup.Byallowingthesegroupstobuildrelianceoneachother,largerorganizationscanbebuiltup.However,merelyhavinggroupsof,say,150willneverofitselfbeacompletesolutiontotheproblemsoftheorganization.Somethingelseisneeded:thepeopleinvolvedmustbeabletobuilddirectpersonalrelationships.Toallowfreeflowofinformation,theyhavetobeabletocommunicatewitheachotherinacasualway.Maintainingtooformalastructureofrelationshipsinevitablypreventsthewayasystemworks.TheimportanceofthiswasdrawntomyattentiontwoyearsagobythecaseofaTVstation.Whetherbychanceorbydesign,itsohappenedthattherewerealmostexactly150peopleinthestation.Thewholeprocessworkedverysmoothlyasanorganizationformanyyearsuntiltheyweremovedintopurpose-builtaccommodation.Then,fornoapparentreason,theworkseemedtobemoredifficulttodo,nottosaylesssatisfying.Itwassometimebeforetheyworkoutwhattheproblemwas.Itturnoutthat,whenthearchitectsweredesigningthenewbuilding,theydecidedthatthecoffeeroomwhereeveryoneatetheirsandwichesatlunchtimeswasanunnecessaryluxuryandsodidawaywithit.Andwiththat,theyaccidentallydestroyedtheclosesocialnetworksthatstrengthenedthewholeorganization.Whathadapparentlybeenhappeningwasthat,aspeoplegatheredinformallyovertheirsandwichesinthecoffeeroom,usefulinformationwascasuallybeingexchanged.(Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANEIGHTWORDS.)51.Whatsizeofanorganizationmayleadtocommunicationfailures?52.Whatarethetwosolutionstothecommunicationproblemwithinalargeorganization?53.AftertheTVstationmovedintonewaccommodation,itsoperation___________________________.54.FromthecaseoftheTVstation,wecanconcludeitis____________________________________thatmake(s)anorganizationmoresuccessful.第Ⅱ卷(共45分) I.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1.你为什么不在网上订票?(Why)2.我常把王海误认为他的双胞胎弟弟，因为他们长得太像了。(mistake)3.对父母而言，没有什么能与孩子的身心健康相比。(compare)4.自从出国留学后，她就不再和我们保持联系了。(Nolonger)5.如果能找到任何适合你的学习方法，你的学习效率就可能明显提高。(whatever)II.GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120—150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假如你是启明中学（MingQiMiddleSchool）的李明，想申请一个扶贫项目，帮助贫困地区的儿童。根据以下启事，写一封申请信（信中不能提到真实姓名和学校）。启事国际儿童基金会将资助中学生开展扶贫项目，以帮助贫困地区的儿童。申请成功者将获得项目经费2000元。有意者请来信告知：1） 你个人的基本情况；2） 你对申请项目的基本设想；3） 项目经费的使用计划。联系方式:2011hope@icf.org2011参考答案01—05.BAABA06—10.CDCDC11—13.CDD14—16.CBA17.65503818.seafood19.rubbish20.recycling21.afewseconds22.ashoppinglist23.Majorevents24.ispermanent25—29.ADBDC30—34.BBACA35—40.DDCDAB41—45.BIHCA46—49.FGJE50—54.BCBDA55—59.CDCAB60—64.BCCDB65—68.DAAB69—71.BAA72—75.BCDD76—80.BEFCD 81.Anorganizationofmorethan200individuals.82.Structuringsmallerorganizationsandbuildingdirectpersonalrelationships.83.seemedtobemoredifficult/lesssatisfying 84.theclosesocialnetworks/thefreeflowofinformation/thecausalcommunication1.Whynot/Whydon’tyoubookticketsonline/reservetheticket(s)ontheInternet?2.IoftenmistakeWangHaiforhistwinbrotherbecausetheylooksosimilar/verymuchalike.3.Asforparents,nothingcanbecomparedwiththeirchildren’sphysicalandmentalhealth.4.Nolongerhasshekeptintouchwithussinceshewentabroadforfurtherstudy/education.5.Ifyoucanfindwhateverlearningmethod(that)suitsyou,yourstudy/learningefficiencyislikelytoimproveremarkably.ListeningComprehensionSectionA1.W:It’sniceofyoutocomeheretopickmeup,Mr.Smith.M:Don’tmentionit.Howwastheflight?Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?2.W:Iwonderifthereisaservicechargeforourmeal.M:Ithinkso.Themenusaidtheservicechargeis10%.Q:Howmuchistheservicechargeifthefoodcosts50dollars?3.M:Hereisyourroomkeyandthecheckouttimeis12noon.W:Thanksforremindingme.Q:Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?4.W:Sorry,sir.Weareworkingonyourorderrightnowandwe’llbedeliveringitsoon.M:Soon?Howsoonissoon?Q:Howdoesthemanfeel?5.M:Hi,Jane.It’sbeenages.Youhaven’tchangedabit!W:Exceptforthehair!Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?6.W:OK,Mathew.Timeforbed.M:Butmom,thetalentshowisstartingin5minutes.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?7.M:Hi,Jenny.Howareyougettingonwithyourpacking?W:I’mstilldecidingwhattotakewithme.Q:WhatcanwelearnaboutJenny?8.M:EverybodyishereexceptJohn.Shallwestartthemeeting?W:IfwewaitforJohn.Wemightbehereallnight.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?9.M:I’mgladyouarefinallymoving.W:Ican’ttellyouhowhappyIam.Iwon’thavetolistentomyneighbor’sTV.Q:Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?10.M:Oh,weleftourroadmapathome. W:Well,sincewehaven’tgoneveryfar.Wemightaswelljustturnaround.Q:Whatwillthespeakersprobablydo?SectionBBlank11-13arebasedonthefollowingPassage.TheCommonWealthisagroupof54countries.ThememberstatesalluseEnglishasacommonworkinglanguageandhavesimilarlegalandeducationsystems,butrepresentnearlyeveryreligion,raceandpoliticalsystemontheplanet.TheCommonWealthisactiveinahugenumberofareassuchashealthandeconomics.Theheadsofgovernmentmeetingisheldeverytwoyearswheretheleadersofthememberstatesgettogethertodiscusscurrentissues.CommonWealthDayisheldinthesecondweekofMarcheveryyearwhenCommonWealth’scitizens,particularlychildren,haveachancetocelebratetheirfriendship.TheCommonWealthalsoholdssportingandartsevents.Thereisanannualwriter’spriceandayearlyartsandcraftscompetition.Perhapsthemostwell-knowneventsponsoredbyorganizationistheCommonWealthgames,whichisheldeveryfouryearsinoneofthemembercountries.Thegameshavegainedanothername,thefriendlygamesbecauseoftheirreputationforgood-naturedcompetitiveness.Questions:1.WhatdothememberstatesoftheCommonWealthhaveincommon?2.WhatdopeopledoonCommonWealthDayaccordingtothepassage?3.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Blank14-16arebasedonthefollowingspeech.Thereisapopularbeliefthatacollegeeducationissomethingtobeenduredinordertobecomequalifiedtoobtaincertainkindsofjobsortogotograduateschool.ThisisnotwhatwearetryingtodoatHarvard.Themostobviousgoalofacollegeeducationeristogiveknowledge,butitisfarfromthemostimportant.Remarkablyfewofthefactsyoulearnherewillremaininyourmemoryformanyyears,andsomeofthosethatdomightbeprovedfalsebynewknowledge.AtHarvard,wehavelookedtootherthingswecangivethatwilllastalittlelonger.Amongthesethingsarecertainhabitsofmind,suchastheabilitytohavemorecriticalanalysis,tomakemoreaccurateandlogicaluseofinformationandsoforth.Inadditiontothesehabitsofthought,itisourhopethatwecanhelpyoudevelopcertainattitudesofmindlikeawillingnesstoacceptuncertaintyandthelackofdefinitetruth.Beyondprovidingthesequalities,acollegeeducationshouldtrytolayafoundationforthecreativeuseofleisuretimewhichcanbecultivatedintheclassroom.Yet,thecultivationofthisabilitywillalsooccuroutsideoftheclassroom.Forexample,onsportsfields,inmusicrooms,andsoon.Questions:4.WhichofthefollowingisregardedasthemostimportantatHarvard?5.Whichqualitymentionedbelowcanbecultivatedbothinsideandoutsidetheclassroom?6.Whatisthespeechmainlyabout?SectionC Blank17-20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.W:Goodmorning!GreenSense.CanIhelpyou?M:Hello,mynameisMaryWhiteandIwanttocomplainaboutaseafoodrestaurant.W:OK,canItakedownyourtelephonenumber?M:Myphonenumberis655038.W:Good!Sowhatwouldyouliketocomplainabout?M:Actuallytwothings.First,therestaurantdumpsitsrubbishonthestreetandyoucanimaginewhatthatattracts—rats!W:Right!I’vegotthat!Andthesecondproblem?M:Therestaurantdoesn’tputbottlesandcansinrecyclingbins.It’snotresponsible.W:Gotit!What’stheaddressoftheseafoodrestaurant?M:It’s449ShanghaiStreet.W:OK!We’lllookintoitandcallyouback.M:Thankyou.Goodbye!Completetheform.WriteONEWORDforeachanswer.Blank21-24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.W:What’sthearticleabout?M:It’sbasicallyaboutmemory.Anditsaysyou’vegotthreememories:shortterm,mediumtermandlongterm.W:Um…M:Theysaythatshorttermmemorylastsonlyafewseconds.Soyoujustsortofreadsomethingandyourememberthebeginningofthesentencejustuntilyougettotheendofthesentence.W:Um…M:Andthenmediumtermmemory.Theexampletheygiveissomethingliketryingtorememberthatyou’vegottobuybread.W:Likeasortofashoppinglistofthingstodo?M:Yeah!Afteryoubuybread,youdon’tneedtostorethatmemory.Soit’serased.W:Justsortofaday-to-daymanagement.M:Eh…thenlong-termmemory.Theyaretalkingaboutthemajoreventsthathappeninyourlifesuchasyourwedding.W:Andyouneverforgetthem.M:Yeah…Isupposeso.Permanentmemory.