中考英语语法专项复习--名词.ppt

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中考英语语法专项——名词泺怡Jessica Essex,EnglandPip PipisaboyfromasmallvillageinEssex.Heliveswithhisoldersister.Hissister’shusbandhasanironworkshop.Hedoesn’thavemuchknowledgebuthelovesPipandthefamilyverymuch.个体名词物质名词抽象名词集体名词专有名词 名词专有名词普通名词个体名词集体名词物质名词抽象名词boyfamilyknowledgeironPip,Essex可数名词不可数名词一、名词的分类普通名词 二、名词复数的构成规则His______(parent)haddiedwhenhewasa____(baby).1.一般在单数名词后加sparent-parents2.辅音字母+y:变y为i+esbaby-babies Hefoundsomebread,cheese,_____(tomato),andabigmeatpieontheshelfinthekitchen.3.以o结尾+es：tomato-tomatoespotato-potatoeshero-heroes shelf-shelves4.以f(e)结尾的名词：变f(e)为v,加es.妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。wife,knife,wolf,thief,shelf,self,life,half,leaf ThenPipwenttoJoe’s___(box)oftoolstofindthetool.5.以s,x,sh,ch结尾：+esbox-boxes Therearetwelveinayear.months WhenPipwasinthegraveyard,amanjumpedupfromthegravesandgrabbedhim.man-men 不规则变化1.单复同形sheep,deerChinese,JapaneseGerman-GermansAmerican-AmericansAustralian-Australians Onthefarm,theyhavemorethan2000______.A.pigB.sheepC.cow Theyarefrom.Theyare.A.Germany;GermansB.Germans;GermanyC.German;GermanyD.Germany;Germen 2.改变内部元音字母foot-feettooth-teethmouse-miceman-menwoman-womenPoliceman-policemenFrenchman-FrenchmenEnglishman-Englishmen 3.child-children Twodiedintheaccident.terribleitis!A.policemen;HowB.policeman;WhatC.police;WhatD.policemans;How 三、不可数名词和可数名词的特点比较ThenthemanturnedPipupside-downandshookPip._____(一片面包)felloutofPip’spocket.不可数名词的计量：数词+单位词+of+不可数名词 -Goodmorning,madam.CanIhelpyou?-Sure,I’dlikeforcookingvegetables.A.twocupsofcoffeeB.threepiecesofbreadC.onebowlofdumplingsD.fivekilosofoil Ifoundsomebread,cheese,tomatoes,andabigmeatpieontheshelfinthekitchen.可数名词修饰词：many,few,afew,agreat/largenumberof不可数名词修饰词：much,little,alittle,agreatdealof可数/不可数名词修饰词：alotof/lotsof/plentyof/some Youshouldtellpossibletosupportyourideas.A.asmanyinformationsasB.asmuchfactasC.asmanyfactsasD.asmanynewsas 四、名词所有格Theman’sclothesisverydirty.Thecoloroftheclothesisgrey.Theothermanisn’tafriendofthisman’s.s所有格of所有格双重属格 1.‘s所有格Magwitch’sandConstance’sclothesarethesame.MagwitchandConstance’sshipisbig.1.’s所有格大多用于有生命名词2.共有：AandB’s分有A’sandB’s mothersbothworkinthesamehospital.A.TimandPeter’sB.Tim’sandPeterC.Tim’sandPeter’sD.TimandPeter Thetwoprisoners’clothesarethesame.Thetwomen’sclothesarethesame.3.复数名词所有格：词尾有s，加’；词尾无s,加’s。 Magwitchonlyhadfewhours’sleep,becausehe’shungryandcold.名词+’s类所有格也用于少数表无生命事物的名词，主要用于表时间、距离等的名词。 -Howfarisyourcousin’shomefromhere?-It’sabouttwodrive.A.hour’sB.hoursC.hours’D.hour Canyouimaginewhatlifewillbelikeintime?A.20years’B.20year’sC.20-years’D.20-years Pipranbacktohissister’squickly.名词+’(s)表示某人的家或某某店铺的名称。 2.Of所有格Thecolorofitisgrey.of属格往往用于无生命的事物。 3.双重属格ThisisaphotoofPip.ThisisaphotoofPip’s.双重属格表示某整体中的一部分，强调部分与整体的关系。 MrsBondisanoldfriendof.A.JackmotherB.Jackmother’sC.Jack’smotherD.Jack’smother’s 五、名词作定语Piphastwowomenteachersandamanteacher.woman/man作定语，如果修饰单数名词，用单数形式；如果修饰复数名词，用复数形式。 六、集体名词的特点Peopleinthevillage___(be)allveryfrightened.people,police,cattle等集体名词作主语时，谓语动词总是用复数形式。 peopleonepeoplepeoples人们：manypeople;aman/person一个民族许多民族 Pip’sfamily___(be)notrich.Pip’sfamily___(be)allverykind.family等集合名词做主语，强调整体：谓语单数；强调成员，谓语复数。 类似的集合名词：team,school,army,group,class等 (2008)23.-Whatkindofisyourfavorite,Kevin?-Chinesefood!Ilikeitverymuch!cityB.foodC.sportD.book (2008)30.Theinthepictureisakindofanimal.Ilearnedaboutthatinmybiologyclass.cabbageB.robotC.dolphinD.ruler (2009)23.–What’syour,Rick?Ilikecollectingcoins.ageB.nameC.jobD.hobby (2009)31.Mary’sskirtisthesameasher_______.sistersB.brotherC.sister’sD.brothers (2009)37.We’rebusybecausewehavesohouseworktodotoday.fewB.littleC.manyD.much (2010)28.-I’mthirsty.Couldyougetmesomethingtodrink?-Sure.Here’ssome,please.breadB.meatC.waterD.kite (2010)34.-Whoseroomisthis?-It’s.KateB.John’sC.myD.our (2011)28-Jim,isheyour?-Yes,heis.brotherB.sisterC.motherD.aunt (2011)42-Wedon’thaveanyvegetablefordinner.Couldyoubuysome?-Yes,sure.bananasB.milkC.breadD.tomatoes (2012)28-What’syourfavoritefruit?-Ilikebest.applesB.broccoliC.potatoesD.cabbages (2012)47.-I’mhungry.MayIhavesome?-Ofcourse.Butdon’teattoomuch.breadB.noodleC.dumplingD.hamburger