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1、核心素养测评十八Module6OldandNewⅠ.阅读理解TheOnlyWayIsUpThinkofamoderncityandthefirstimagethatcomestomindistheskyline.Itisfullofgreatbuildings,pointinglikefingerstoheaven.Itistruethatsomecitiesdon’tpermitbuildingstogoaboveacertainheight.Butthesearecitiesconcernedwiththepast.Thefi
2、rstthinganycitydoeswhenitwantstotelltheworldthatithasarrivedistobuildskyscrapers. Whenpeoplegathertogetherincities,theycreateademandforland.Sincecitiesareplaceswheremoneyismade,thatdemandcanbemet.Andthebestwaytomakemoneyoutofcitylandistoputasmanypeopleaspossibleinaspa
3、cethatcoversthesmallestamountofground.Thatmeansbuildingupwards.Thetechnologyexistedtodothisasearlyasthe19thcentury.Buttheheightofbuildingswaslimitedbyoneimportantfactor.Theyhadtobesmallenoughforpeopleonthetopfloorstoclimbstairs.Peoplecouldnotbeexpectedtoclimbamountain
4、attheendoftheirjourneytowork,orhome.ElishaOtis,aUSinventor,wasthemanwhobroughtusthelift—orelevator,ashepreferredtocallit.However,mostofthetechnologyisveryold.LiftsworkusingthesamepulleysystemtheEgyptiansusedtocreatethePyramids.WhatOtisdidwasattachthesystemtoasteamengi
5、neanddeveloptheelevatorbrake,whichstopstheliftfallingifthecordsthatholdituparebroken.Itwasthisthatdidthemosttogainpublicconfidenceinthenewinvention.Infact,hespentanumberofyearsexhibitingliftsatfairgrounds,givingpeoplethechancetotrythemoutbeforesellingtheideatoarchitec
6、tsandbuilders.Aliftwouldnotbeaverygoodthemeparkattractionnow.Goinginaliftissuchaneverydaythingthatitwouldjustbeboring.Yetpsychologistsandotherswhostudyhumanbehaviorfindliftsfascinating.Thereasonissimple.Scientistshavealwaysstudiedanimalsinzoos.Thenearesttheycangettoth
7、atwithhumansisinobservingtheminlifts.12【文章大意】本文主要介绍了在大城市里有了摩天大楼,然后就出现了电梯。1.Theunderlinedwords“citiesconcernedwiththepast”inthefirstparagraphrefertocitiesthat . A.areworriedabouttheirpastB.haveagloriouspasttobeproudofC.wanttomaintaintheirtraditionalimageD.areveryint
8、erestedintheirownhistory【解析】选C。句意理解题。beconcernedwith是“关心,关注”的意思,根据前面一句话可知,这里指那些不允许建筑物超出一定高度的城市,即不愿意改变固有形象的城市。故选C。2.Thediffic
