会话中的威胁面子行为.ppt

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1、Unit10DoingFATsinConversation会话中的威胁面子行为Contents10.1Thenotionofface10.2Face-threateningacts10.3StrategiesofdoingFTAs10.4Factorsbehindthestrategychoice10.1ThenotionoffaceBrownandLevinson(1978/1987)developedGoffman’s(1967)notionoffaceintothewell-knownFaceTheory(FTforshort).10.1Th

2、enotionoffaceAccordingtoBrownandLevinson(1978/1987),faceisoneofthevariousrationalbehaviorsofaModelPersontosatisfyone’sfacewants.AModelPersonhastospecialproperties:rationalityandface.10.1Thenotionoffacerationality:theapplicationofaspecificmodeofreasoningwhichguaranteesinferences

3、fromendsorgoalstomeansthatwillsatisfythoseends.10.1Thenotionoffaceface:thepublicself-imagethateverymemberwantstoclaimforhimselforherself,ortheemotionalandsocialsenseofselfthateveryonehasandexpectseveryoneelsetorecognize.10.1ThenotionoffaceFaceconsistsoftworelatedaspects:negativ

4、efaceandpositiveface.10.1Thenotionoffacenegativeface消极面子:thebasicclaimtoterritories,personalpreserves,rightstonon-interference,i.e.tothefreedomofactionandfreedomfromimposition10.1Thenotionoffacepositiveface积极面子:thepositiveconsistentself-imageor“personality”(cruciallyincludingth

5、edesirethatthisself-imagebeappreciatedandapprovedof)claimedbyinteractants10.2Face-threateningactstheillocutionaryactsthatruncontrarytoeithertheirownfacewantsorthoseoftheirhearersFourtypes10.2Face-threateningacts1.Actsthreateningthehearer’spositivefaceindicating(potentially)tha

6、tthespeakerdoesnotcareaboutthehearer’sfeelings,interests,wants,etc.10.2Face-threateningacts2.Actsthreateningthehearer’snegativeface3.Actsthreateningthespeaker’spositiveface4.Actsthreateningthespeaker’snegativeface10.2Face-threateningactsTwopointstobenoted:1.anoverlapinthisclas

7、sificationofFTAs,becausesomeFTSsintrinsicallythreatenbothnegativeandpositiveface;2.Culturesvaryintheratingofillocutionaryactsintermsoffacethreat.10.3StrategiesofdoingFTAsReadFigure1onp.13210.3StrategiesofdoingFTAsStriestoemphasizehissolidaritywithHbyusingoneormoreofthefollowin

8、gstrategies(positivepoliteness):1.Claimcommongroundbet