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1、grammar虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式(verbstructure)，用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实(fact)，而只是一种假设(hypotheses)愿望(wishes)、建议(suggestion)或怀疑doubt等等。WhatisSubjunctiveMood?虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握：1.虚拟条件句2.名词性从句的虚拟语气3.虚拟语气的其他用法If条件句主句与现在事实相反did(be动词用were)would(或could,should,might)do与过去事实相反haddonewould(或could,should,m
2、ight)havedone与将来事实相反或可能相反did(were)shoulddoweretodowould(或could,should,might)do一、虚拟条件句：条件状语从句是非真实情况时，要用虚拟语气。1）IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.2）Ifitrained,Iwouldnotbeherenow.1）Ifthedoctorhadcomelastnight,theboywouldhavesaved.2）IfIhadnotstudiedhard,Iwouldhavefailedintheexamlastterm.
3、1)Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.2)IfIweretogotothemoononeday,Icouldseeitwithmyowneyes.3)Ifyoumissedthefilmtonight,youwouldfeelsorry.注意问题：1、If条件句中绝对不可出现“would”。2、根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都是遵守上述句型，反之亦然。eg:Ifyouhadworkedhard,youwouldbevery
4、tirednow.Ifshedidn’tlovedriving,shewouldn’thavebecomeataxidriver.3、在条件句中如果出现were,had,should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如：Hadthedoctorcomelastnight,theboywouldhavesaved.WereItogotothemoononeday,Iwouldseeitwithmyowneyes.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome1)Ifthedoctorhadcomelastnight,t
5、heboywouldhavesaved.2)IfIweretogotothemoononeday,Iwouldseeitwithmyowneyes.3)Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.4.with,without,but,butfor,butthat,otherwise,or引起的短语或句子常暗含着含蓄条件。这时主句用虚拟1)Withoutyou,Iwouldneverknowhim.2)Butforyourcooperation,wewouldn’thavedonetheworksowell.要
6、不是你的合作，我们不可能把工作做得这么出色。3)Butthatshewasafraid,shewouldhavesaidno.要不是害怕，她会拒绝的。eg:1)Iwouldbemostgladtohelpyou,butIambusynow.2)Iwouldhavecometothepartyyesterday,butIwasworking.3)Iambusynow,otherwiseIwouldhelpyou.4)Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownothingaboutit
7、.5)Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?1)Ifhe______drunk,hewouldn'thavelostcontrolofthecar. A.wasn'tB.weren'tC.hasn'tbeenD.hadn'tbeen2)Iwouldhavegonetotheconcert,ifI_____time. A.hadhadB.havehadC.hadD.wouldhavehad4)_______Iknownit,Iwouldhavetoldyou. A.HaveB.IfC.HadD.Having3)____
8、___totelluseverything,wecouldtrytosolvehisproblem. A.IfheisB.WereheC
