必修五语法讲义.doc

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1、过去分词作——定语、表语、宾补、状语ThePastParticipleusedAsAttributeandPredicative第一讲、过去分词做定语和表语1.Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.2.Hethrewawaythebrokencup.3.Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s.4.Pricesofdailygoodsboughtthroughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰

2、词的前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。spokenEnglish=Englishwhichisspokenterrifiedpeople=thepeoplewhoareterrifiedanorganizedway=awaythatisorganizedaffectedarea灾区=theareawhichisaffectedstolenculturerelics=culturerelicsthathadbeenstolenthebookrecommendedbytheteacher=the

3、bookwhichwasrecommendedbytheteacherprintedarticles=articlesthatareprinted1)DoctorJohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon.定语2)JohnSnowtoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreet.定语3)Hegotinterestedinthetwotheories.表语4)Neitheritscause,noritscurewasunderstood表语PastPar

4、ticipleastheAttribute定语PastParticipleasthePredicative表语1.terrifiedpeople1.peoplewhoareterrified2.reservedseats2.seatsthatarereserved3.pollutedwater3.waterthatispolluted4.acrowdedroom4.aroomthatiscrowded5.apleasedwinner5.awinnerthatispleased6.Astonishedchi

5、ldren6.childrenwholookastonished7.abrokenvase7.avasethatisbroken8.acloseddoor8.adoorthatisclosed9.thetiredaudience9.theaudiencewhofeeltired10.atrappedanimal10.ananimalthatistrappedTherearemanyfallenleavesontheground.=Therearemanyleaveswhichhadfallenontheg

6、round.(地上有许多落叶)Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing.=Someofthem,whohadbeenbornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing.(他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没去过北京)及物动词的过去分词表示结束了的被动动作或者没有一定的时间性,只表示被动关系。pollutedwater=waterwhichispollutedre

7、servedseats=theseatswhichwerereservedtrappedanimal=theanimalwhichwastrapped不及物动词的过去分词不表被动，只表示动作发生在谓语动词之前，含有动作完成，动作结束之含义。boiledwater=waterwhichhasboiledfallenleaves=theleaveswhichhavefallenrisensun=thesunwhichhasrisen过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。Thebooks,writ

8、tenbyGuoJingming,areverypopularwithteenagers.这些书是郭敬明写的，深受青少年的喜爱。Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBeijing.他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没过北京.Thebook_writtenbythefarmer(一本农民写的书)isverypopular.Thebuildingbui